Fundamental Rights and the Supreme Court: Reasonableness and Restrictions

A.K. Gopalan Advisory Board affected Amendment American appeal application Article 19 Bihar Bombay citizen Constitution of India constitutionality Court held decided decision Delhi Directive Principles discretion doctrine of due due process Dwarka Dwarka Prasad economic enacted essential commodities exercise freedom of speech freedom of trade freedoms guaranteed fundamental rights Government ground guaranteed under Article Gujarat High Court Ibid impugned law Indian Constitution Indian Supreme Court industry interest interpretation judicial review judiciary L.ed laid legislation legislature liberty licence Madras Maneka Gandhi Mills minimum wages N.B. Khare natural justice newspaper object observed person petitioner political procedural reasonableness prohibition provision public order Punjab quasi-judicial question Rajasthan reasonable restriction reasonableness of restrictions regarding regulation requirement restrictions imposed retrospective rule safeguards scope Singh slaughter social speech and expression statute substantive Supra note term reasonable tion trade or business Union of India unreasonable upheld validity