Janet, P. Les causes finales.

"Is finality a law of nature? is the problem of the first book. What is the first cause of that law? is the problem of the second book. The fundamental proposition of the first book is simply this, the order of nature is unintelligible, unless you admit that there are ends in nature. Intellectual confusion must be the attitude of intelligence in the presence of the phenomena of the universe, if the principle of cause and effect be the only principle we can use in our attempt to understand the order of the world. The laws of matter and of motion may indeed be competent to explain the phenomena of the inorganic world. But when we pass from the inorgonic world to the organic, and consider the relations and correspondences of the various provinces of nature each to each, we are unable to think of these correlations as the result of mechanical forces, acting blindly and by chance. That an ordered world should be the result of chance, is an unthinkable proposition. Finality being a law of nature, what is the first cause of that law? That cause, say the traditional voices of the schools, from Socrates to Kant, is intelligence; therefore there is a supreme, intelligent Cause. Is this conclusion legitimate? Kant's keenest criticism, and the most difficult to deal with, is that finality is subjective, it is a regulative principle of the human mind; and it is unwarrantable to transfer it, to project it outwards, and transform it into a real law of things. There is an able discussion on subjective finality. But a second difficulty emerges; granting that finality must have a cause, is that cause necessarily anterior and exterior to nature? may it not be nature itself? Is not finality immanent? Life is an end that realizes itself, and an end in nature is a production in which all the parts are reciprocally ends and means. This is a solution of Hegel, of Schelling, and of all those who have a tendency to pantheism. The true position to take up is to show that this doctrine of an internal principle of action in nature is in perfect harmony with the supposition of a supra-mundane cause.

Two instructive chapters conclude the work, the titles of which are 'Finality and intention', and 'The pure idea and creative activity'. The proposition to be proved here is that finality implies intention. And this discussion fitly crowns the work. Is unconscious intelligence a tenable hypothesis? Are we forced to it by the facts of the case? And is it an hypothesis intelligible to man?" Spectator, Feb. 22.

Etudes sur la dialectique dans Platon et dans
Hégel.

Janson, K. The spell-bound fiddler, a Norse romance; tr. by A. Forestier.

Kingsley, H: Old Margaret.

"Old Margaret" is Margaret Van Eyck, sister of Hubert and John, the Flemish painters. See Harper's mag., v. 6.

Kingsley, W: L. Yale College; a sketch of its history, with notices of its several departments, etc. 2 v.

Lange, F: A. History of materialism; tr. by E. C. Thomas. Vol. 2. (Eng. and for. phil. libr., v. 2.)

Ledoux, C: Ice-making machines; the theory of the action of the various forms of coldproducing or so-called ice machines; tr. from the French. (Van Nostrand's sci. ser.) Legouvé, G. J: B. E. W. Nos filles et nos fils; scènes et études de famille. 2e éd.

Lippincott's gazetteer; a complete pronouncing gazetteer or geog. dictionary of the world. New ed., rev., etc.

Manypenny, G: W. Our Indian wards.

"Mr. Manypenny's book is perhaps the most important contribution to the discussion of the vexed 'Indian question' which has yet appeared. His own qualifications for writing it are of a high order. He was Commissioner of Indian Affairs during the whole of Mr. Pierce's administration, and has ever since continued his familiarity with the history of the Indian tribes. A Democrat in politics, and for many years editor of a leading political paper in Ohio, he had retired from active participation in public affairs till he was invited by President Hayes to take the chairmanship of the committee appointed under an act of Congress to treat with the Sioux in 1876. He is therefore free from any suspicion of political bias in favor of the civil administration of the past twenty years, and may be considered as nearly impartial as any civilian can be. It is necessary to bear in mind these personal relations of the author to parties and to the subject under investigation, because his book is really an arraignment of the army in its dealings with the Indian tribes." - Nation, April 15.

Modern review.

"A review expressing very ably the mind of those who adopt a Christian type of theism, while either questioning or denying the historical supernaturalism of the Bible." Spectator, Feb. 21.

Moulton, Mrs. L. C. Swallow-flights.

"Such poems as 'Swallow-flights' are sure to command attention wherever and in whatever form they are read, because of their marked individuality and power. Her verses are fresh, direct, spontaneous, occupied wholly and earnestly with their subject, without any sidewardlooking or uneasy straining after the methods of other poets; and she shows herself possessed of sufficient resource to fill them with a rich and pure music of their We do not, indeed, know where we shall find, among the works of English poetesses, the same selfcontrolled fulness of expression with the same depth and tenderness of simple feeling." - Examiner, Jan. 26, '78.

own.

"The distinguishing qualities of these poems are extreme directness and concentration of utterance, unvarying harmony between thought and expression, and a happy freedom from that costly elaboration of style so much in vogue at present, through which lyrical spontaneity cannot penetrate. Yet Mrs. Moulton's style displays rare felicity of epithet. The poetical faculty of the writer is in no way more strongly evinced than by the subtlety and suggestiveness of her ideas. These poems have another and rare merit, with all their imaginative force, they are pervaded by the depth and sweetness of perfect womanhood." Academy.

"Now and then we are slightly reminded of the exquisitely lyrical feeling which gives a unique charm to the songs of Heine." Pall Mall gazette.

Oliphant, Mrs. M. O. W.

A beleaguered city; narr. of recent events in the city of Semur in the dep't of the Haute Bourgogne; a story of the seen and the unseen.

"A rare literary gem of its kind. No doubt, the marvel of which it professes to give the history is impossible. But then it is not an impossibility which traverses spiritual or even physical law, so far as we know, but only passes far beyond any experience recorded in history. And it is so told as not to caricature or travestie human nature in its relation to the supernatural, but rather to make it more visible and transparent to us, in all its weakness and all its strength. It is a singular literary feat, but one of the most happy, if not quite the most happy, of the bold enterprises attempted by authors who have succeeded in reading men truly as they are, with the view of throwing upon them some new and imaginary light, and judging, by the mingled aid of experience and fancy, what they would be transformed into under the magic of that light. Coleridge's 'Ancient mariner' is such an attempt in poetry of a high order. Mrs. Oliphant's 'Beleaguered city' is partly romance, partly poem." - Spectator, Feb. 7.

"The history of how the spirits of the dead came en masse to revisit the city of Semur, and how their unseen coming, in the shape of a darkness that might be felt, drove their living kinsfolk without the walls. The conception is powerful, but Mrs. Oliphant, has proved herself as incapable of dealing with a subject of this kind as decisively as she has shown how powerful she is in all the regions of reality." - Globe, Feb. 16.

Oppert, E. A forbidden land; voyages to the Corea, with an account of its geography, history, productions, and commercial capabilities.

"The appearance of a grave-robber in print is a unique event in literature. The author, who is described in the diplomatic correspondence of twelve years ago, from China, as 'a needy Hamburg trader', 'a Jewish peddler', etc., is the same whom Mr. Seward accuses of having engaged in a body-snatching voyage to Corea 'an attempt to take from their tombs the remains of one or more sovereigns of Corea, for the purpose, it would seem, of holding them to ransom'. Mr. Oppert, being a a North-German subject, could not be tried in the United States consular court at Shanghae; but Jenkins, the interpreter, an American, who accompanied Oppert and furnished the capital, was put on trial, charged with making 'an unlawful and scandalous expedition to Corea, and of violently attempting to land in a country with which the United States had no treaty relations'. On purely technical grounds the defendant was acquitted. The author now appears in print. After giving what to his own mind are evidently eight merely introductory chapters, he narrates his thieving expedition in the last chapter." Nation, April 8.

Round, W: M. F. Hal, the story of a clodhopper. Russia before and after the war, by the author of 'Society in St. Petersburg'; tr. from the German, with add. by the author, by E: F. Taylor. (Franklin Sq. libr.)

"We distrust the claim of the author (though vouched for by his translator) to write 'as a Russian'. And our doubts approach certainty when we compare Russia before and after the war with Modern Russia (published ten years ago), by Dr. Julius Eckardt. Both books are indisputably by the same author; and, indeed, we believe that this is an open secret at Berlin. But who is Dr. Julius Eckardt? He is a German, born in one of the Baltic provinces of Russia, but who has lived for years past in Berlin, and is one of the writers in, perhaps, the most rabid of anti-Russian papers in Berlin." Spectator, Feb. 14.

Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. Early chronicles of Europe. 2 v.

"Many of our early historians, beginning from Gildas and Bede, and the records they left behind them, are brought to the reader's notice, together with a summary of what they accomplished. Introduces the reader to a rich collection of early writers, in whose works the basis of French history must be sought, beginning with Prosper of Aquitaine, Gregory of Tours, and his con. tinuators. Many documents embodied in the Bollandista Acta sanctorum are proved to possess a singular value in connection with Gallo-Roman civilization, and their legends to contain nearly all that is now known of those distant times." Bookseller, Nov. 5.

Toru Dutt. Journal de Mlle. D'Arvers; nouvelle; préc. d'une étude sur la vie et les œuvres de Toru Dutt, par Mlle. C. Bader.

Probably the first novel written in French by a native East Indian.

Trollope, A. Cousin Henry. 2 v.

"The minute dissection of commonplace characters has long been the special feature of Mr. Trollope's writings. The present story excels both in minuteness and commonplace." - Ath., Oct. 18.

"This is not a novel exactly, but rather a study, and a very able one. One character occupies both the author's space and his we may almost say undivided attention. The story lends itself to the development and exhibition of Cousin Henry. The other characters are shadows or repetitions of what the author has given us before. There is very little love-making. Property, not love, is the real theme of the story." - Sat. rev., Oct. 25.

Turgenef, I. S. Mémoires d'un seigneur russe; trad. par E. Charrière. 2 v.

Pères et enfants. 2e éd.

Verne, J. Dick Sands, the boy captain; tr. by E. E. Frewer.

Ware, L. S. The sugar beet, including a history of the beet sugar industry in Europe, etc. Warner, C: D., and others. Studies of Irving. Wilson, G: Handbook of hygiene and sanitary science. 4th ed., enl. and rev.

Yonge, C. M. Bye-words; a collection of tales new and old.

Contents. The boy bishop. One will and three ways. Kaspar's summer dream. Buy a broom. The travel of two Kits. Selma's secret sighs. Our ghost at Fantford. Anna's wedding cake. - Autobiography of Patty Applecheeks. A holiday engagement; or, The Campbells are coming.

Abbott, E. A. Oxford sermons preached before the University.

Atcherly, R. J. A trip to Boërland; a year's travel, sport, and gold-digging in the Transvaal and colony of Natal.

Audsley, G: A., and Bowes, J. L.

Japan. Pt. 7.

Keramic art of

"63 plates, of which 40 are in colors and gold. Containing a comprehensive introd. essay upon Japanese art, illustrated by 13 photo-lithographic and autotype plates, and numerous wood engravings, printed in colors; also, a concise dissertation on the keramic productions of Japan, from the earliest records to the present day, with sectional articles on the pottery and porcelain of the various provinces of the empire in which manufactories exist, fully illustrated by 40 plates, superbly printed in full colors and gold, and 10 plates in autotype, the whole illustrations being produced from original Japanese works of the greatest beauty, and representing the entire range of Japanese keramic art, ancient and modern. A full list of the marks which occur upon Japanese pottery, painted and stamped, is given. The glory of the book is the chromo-lithography, for which, indeed, some new name ought to be invented, so unlike is it to anything which has been called chromo-lithography before; it could scarcely be surpassed by the most finished hand coloring. This part of the work has been executed in France."

Times.

"A source of information of the utmost value to those who desire to study and appreciate the motives and idiosyncrasies of a race of artists whose fancies are as rich, and whose feeling for artistic expression is as keen, in their fashion, as that of the most cultivated nation in the world." Art journal.

"The Audsley-Bowes introductory essay is bold in its general review of the art features of Japanese work, and minute and even technical in its dissertation on the methods and principles of Japanese artists." daily post.

Liverpool

Bigelow, T. Diary of a visit to Newport, N. Y., and Phila., during the summer of 1815; ed. by a grandson.

Birch, J: Examples of labourers' cottages.
Bouché-Leclercq, A.
Histoire de la divination

dans l'antiquité. T. 2.

Boyle, F: Chronicles of No-man's land. 3d ser. of Camp notes'.

"No one who remembers Mr. Boyle's delightful 'Camp notes' will be surprised to find these Chronicles' the pleasantest possible reading." - Exam., Jan. 17. Brandes, G. Lord Beaconsfield, a study; tr. by Mrs. G: Sturge. Brown, F. H., M.D. England, 1877.

Medical register for New

Burnett, P: H. Recollections and opinions of an old pioneer. Cavendish, H:

Electrical researches; written

between 1771 and 1781; ed. from the orig. mss. by J. C. Maxwell.

"Cavendish cared more for investigation than for publication. He would undertake the most laborious researches in order to clear up a difficulty which no one but himself could appreciate, or was even aware of, and we cannot doubt that the result of his inquiries, when successful, gave him a certain degree of satisfaction. But it did not excite in him a desire to communicate the discovery to others." Ath., Jan. 17.

Clarin, E. Cléricalisme, 1789-1870.

"Sets forth the series of conspiracies formed by the clerical element against lay society since the beginning of the century." - Acad., Jan. 17.

Cornhill mag., March.

"Three papers in the 'Cornhill' are noteworthy, Tourguenieff's 'Visions', a little story full of an eerie kind of power; 'The philosophy of drawing-rooms', a clever and sensible article on furnishing, intended to teach that the drawing-room should be the living-room; and an account of Yoshida-Torajiro, a Japanese teacher and rebel (he was an engineer by profession), who first stirred up his countrymen to replace the authority of the Tycoons by that of the Mikado, and so helped to bring about the Japanese revolution." Spectator, March 6. April.

"Contains an article on 'Illusions of memory, which is thoroughly interesting. A new tale, 'Mrs. Austin', is begun. It is written pleasantly, in quiet English, but it will be difficult for the reader to feel quite the sympathy which the writer seems to do with the fascination of an ingenuous youth of two-and-twenty by a mature widow of about thirty-seven." - Acad., April 3.

Craig, T: Elements of the mathematical theory of fluid motion: wave and vortex motion. (Van Nostrand's sci. ser.)

Detroit Press and Tribune Co. Z. Chandler; an outline sketch of his life and public services; with an introd. letter from J. G. Blaine. Dudevant, Mme. A. L. A. D. Souvenirs de 1848. Duyckinck, E. A., ed. A memorial of Fitz-Greene

Halleck.

Eden, C: H. Frozen Asia; a sketch of modern Siberia; with an account of the native tribes. "Discusses the geographical, geological, zoological, botanical, historical, and ethnological conditions of Russia in Asia, with an account of modern explorations." Royal Geog. Soc. Proc., Nov.

Everett, E: Memoir of J: Lowell, Jr., deliv. as the introd. to the lectures on his foundation, Dec. 31, 1839, Jan. 2, 1840.

Ewald, G: H: A: von. Commentary on the prophets of the Old Testament. Vol. 3. (Theol. Trans. Fund.)

"Ewald is still unapproachable in his own line. No critic ever combined minute insight into small grammatical niceties with the same broad and, in many cases, felicitous power of grasping and comprehending the spirit of the whole."

Fortnightly rev., March.

Literary world.

Germany. Grosser General-Stab. Kriegs-geschichtliche Abth. The Franco-German war, 187071; tr. by F. C. H. Clarke. Pt. 1, v. 1, sect. 2, 5; pt. 2, sect. 10-12.

Gould, S. Baring-. Germany, present and past. 2 v. "The section on social democracy is good. The dif. ferences between the doctrines of Lassalle, Carl Marx, Schulze-Delitzsch and others are lucidly brought out doctrines too often confounded as equally reprehensible by Englishmen." - Ath., Nov. 8.

"The author might have written a valuable as well as entertaining book. He is happiest, as we should have expected, in tracing the growth of institutions, and thus accounting for the popular sentiments connected with them. Thus the chapter on marriage is well worth reading in itself, and supplies a very clear historical explanation of many well-known social peculiarities of modern Germany - such as the importance attached to the betrothal or Verlobung, and the immediate popularity of civil as against ecclesiastical marriage among Protestants. In some of the chapters which deal with burning questions of modern German politics, Mr. Baring-Gould has at all events striven to be fair, and to see both sides. Our charge against him is only that of over-haste." Sat, rev., Nov. 29.

Gourdault, J. La Suisse; études et voyages à travers les 22 cantons; illust. 2 v. "Illustrated by 750 wood engravings. Each of his chapters is devoted to a different canton. The author is a clever student, as is shown in the review he gives of Swiss landscapes, customs, government, and history, and is, at the same time, a writer full of fire and imagination, who does not disdain anecdotes.” Amer. bookseller, Jan. 1.

"Le but, c'est de faire connaître les sites admirables de la chaîne des Alpes; c'est aussi d'offrir en example les mœurs et les institutions suisses, qui sont le rêve de tous les amis de la paix et de la liberté. Le 10e chapitre du livre contient des indications fort intéressantes sur la flore et la faune helvétiques, et en particulier sur les chamois." - Rev. sci., 16 nov.

"Le livre se termine par un très intéressant chapitre sur la légende de Guillaume Tell dans l'histoire et au théâtre. On y trouve de curieuses anecdotes sur la préparation de la grande pièce de Schiller et sur l'intervention de Goethe." Rev. sci., 14 déc. 1878.

Gray, W. H. History of Oregon, 1792-1849. Greg, P. Across the Zodiac; the story of a wrecked

record. 2 v.

"In Across the Zodiac' Mr. Percy Greg, who may not be unfairly described as a Conservative enlightened and embittered, has produced a very odd and curious book. It partakes in equal measure of the several natures of a scientific romance, a satire, and a novel of sentiment, and reminds the reader, turn and turn about, of the stories of Jules Verne, of a sobered, reactionary, unsexual Guy Livingstone, and of the experiences of that distinguished traveller, Capt. Lemuel Gulliver. solidly and evenly wrought throughout, and if it be taken by instalments it will be perused with pleasure and interest." - Ath., Jan. 17.

It is

"As for the science, we find it rather disappointing. There are one or two other fictions of the Utopian class which we should like to mention. One is, like Mr. Greg's, a prophecy of the triumphs of science; but, unlike 'Across the zodiac', it is the work of a man who saw the day of science coming, and was in nowise afraid. We mean the splendid fragment of Bacon unhappily but a fragment entitled 'The new Atlantis'. Another

is an anonymous book called 'Adventures in the moon and other worlds' (London, 1836), excelling in the qualities of humor and a light hand, which we rather miss in Mr. Greg's work. It is almost forgotten now; but its merit is very great. At the time it was thought by some good judges worthy of Peacock. We may also mention a very recently published little volume, 'Erchomenon, or The republic of materialism', in which the conditions of the society described are in some respects curiously like those of Mr. Greg's Martialists; only the scene is laid in the England of 600 years hence, to which the narrator is transported in a dream. The last piece of the kind we wish to note is contained in a few pages of Sir Humphrey Davy's 'Consolations in travel', and is distinguished by the success with which unlikeness to terrestrial conditions, yet within the general laws of the solar system is indicated. In this pure and noble exercise of scientific fancy there is a very different sort of pleasure from any that can be found in Mr. Percy Greg's powerfully and studiously disagreeable picture of the institutions and manners of Mars." Sat rev., Feb. 14.

Hamilton, A. Rheinsberg; memorials of Frederick the Great and Prince Henry of Prussia. 2 v. "Rheinsberg was the residence of the Great Frederick for several years before his accession, where, masking his real nature and ambitions, he surrounded himself with a little court of friends and admirers. Mr. Hamilton has paid repeated visits to the place. He has evidently investigated a great mass of curious materials, and gone through much private correspondence in manuscript, and has thrown the results into a light and attractive form. On the whole, Mr. Hamilton represents Frederick, as prince and king, in a more amiable light than we have been accustomed to regard him." Times, Jan. 23.

Hartmann, R. Les peuples de l'Afrique.

"L'auteur de ce livre est l'auteur aussi de l'un des livres les plus considérables que l'on ait publiés depuis quelques années sur l'ethnographie de l'Afrique. Prenant ici par le côté plutôt descriptif et pittoresque ce qu'il avait pris ailleurs par le cóté plus étroitement scientifique, ce ne sont plus les caractères ethnographiques proprement dits des peuplades africaines qu'il nous fait connaître, mais leurs habitudes, leurs mœurs, leurs croyances, leurs superstitions, leurs usages politiques enfin, qu'il s'attache à nous faire connaitre. On le lira d'ailleurs avec d'autant plus d'intérêt que sur une question très complexe, assez mal connue, très controversée, celle de l'origine des peuplades africaines, ou plus exactement de leur place dans une classification des races humaines, l'auteur a des idées très arrêtées et qui ne sont pas celles de tout le monde." Rev. d. Deux Mondes.

"Réagissant un peu trop vivement contre les anciens systèmes, il repousse et condamne toute tentative de rapprochement entre certains peuples ou groupes de peuples africains et les races d'Europe et d'Asie; il fait fi de la théorie des invasions sémitiques, relègue celle des origines chamitiques au rang des billevesées avec une assurance un peu trop pleine d'exclusivisme. chapitre sur les langues de l'Afrique est-il le moins déve loppé et le moins complet. La partie ethnologique et la partie sociologique des Peuples de l'Afrique présentent un très vif intérêt et fourmillent de renseignements précieux." Revue scientifique, 31 jan.

..

Le

"C'est un synthèse méthodique de la civilisation africaine, bien plus avancée qu'on ne l'imagine. M. Hartmann nous expose, par exemple, l'organisation gouvernementale des grands empires africains, le fonctionnement des tribunaux, les lois civiles des Aschantis, l'histoire et l'administration dans l'empire Zoulou, etc." Revue scientifique, 20 déc.

Herbert, T: M. The realistic assumptions of modern science examined.

animæ.

"The question treated in both parts of the volume is that of the relation between subject and object in knowledge or conscious experience, and more particularly that mode of the relation which is called in the technical phraseology of philosophers, commercium corporis et Mr. Herbert's work appears to us one of real ability and importance. The author has shown himself well trained in philosophical literature, and possessed of high critical and speculative powers. The rare merit of the solitary work which he has been spared to complete, deepens our regret for his untimely death." - Robert Adamson, in Mind, Oct.

Hodgson, B. H. Miscellaneous essays relating to
Indian subjects.
Modern studies in indexing and
Hunter, Rev. J:
précis of correspondence.
Hunter, W. W. Statistical account of Assam. 2 v.
Jackson, S., D.D. Alaska and missions on the

North Pacific coast.

"Description of Alaska, its peculiar geographical features, wonderful scenery, etc.; with account of the inhabitants, their customs, manner of life, superstitions, and the missions established among them by Russian, English and American missionaries. Dr. Jackson is well known as the Superintendent of Presbyterian Missions in the far West, and he has given the results of his own observation in a tour made in Alaska in 1879.

trated by nearly 100 engravings." April 17.

IllusPublishers' weekly,

James, H:, Jr. Diary of a man of fifty, and A bundle of letters. (Harper's half-hour ser.) Jones, H: Card essays, Clay's decisions, and cardtable talk.

"Three parts, of which the first contains essays on various subjects connected with the history, morality, and etymology of whist and other games; the second, a series of decisions of the late Mr. James Clay on disputed points at whist; and the third, a number of anecdotes included in the general heading of Card-table talk. Players will probably consider the second part the most important, and the third the most amusing. As to the essays, they display great knowledge of the history of the noble game." - Examiner, Oct. 18.

Jundt, A. Les Amis de Dieu au 14e siècle.
Jusserand, J. Le théâtre en Angleterre.
Karr, J. B. A. Le livre de bord. 3 v.

Karr's log-book; reminiscences of a literary life by one of the Romanticists.

"The second volume of M. Karr's Livre de bord is M. Karr introduces us quite as amusing as the first. here again to some of the notabilities of modern French society. Romieu, the humoristic prefect of the Dordogne; Victor Hugo, Roger de Beauvoir, Jules Sandeau, etc., fill the canvas where Balzac occupies the place assigned in the previous volume to Sainte-Beuve. The chapter on French literature in 1830 is interesting, and the description of the Femmes incomprises seems to us an excellent piece of criticism." - Sat. rev., Dec. 6.

Laffan, M. Christy Carew. (Leisure hour series.) "Irish novel, by the author of Hon. Miss Ferrard'. Scene laid in Dublin, chiefly among middle-class people; while giving a graphic picture of Irish social life among educated people, it also deals with political questions of the day, the plot turning upon the opposition of the Roman Catholics to marriages with Protestants." Publishers' weekly, May 1.

Lamothe, H. de. Cinq mois chez les Français d'Amérique; voyage au Canada et à la Rivière Rouge du Nord.

"Readable and instructive. The historical summary of the course of political events which led to the confed. eration, although somewhat brief, is extremely lucid; as is also the account of the half-breed troubles of the Red River country. M. de Lamothe has striven to give us a fair picture of the French-speaking portion of the community, and the data as to their present political condition and future prospects." - Nation, Jan. 8.

Lavisse, E. Etudes sur l'histoire de Prusse.

"M. Ernest Lavisse has tried to explain the unique character of the Prussian monarchy as contrasted with The conclusion to which his other German states. studies have led him may thus be stated in his own words: 'Prussia is a German state lying outside the frontiers of Germany'. It is to the exigencies of this struggle for existence amid hostile surroundings that we must refer the development of that stern and wellorganized militarism which little by little has won for the Hohenzollerns the hegemony of Germany." - Acad. Jan. 17.

Law list; compr. the judges, and officers of the different courts of justice, counsel, etc., in England and Wales.

Le Roy, A. Fabien.

"Une étude délicatement fouillée de la vie de province. Il y a là des mérites très réels de style et de délicate observation." M. Gaucher, in Rev. pol. et lit., 31 jan. Levi, L. History of British commerce, and of the economic progress of the British nation, 1763-1878. 2d ed., with graphic tables.

Liesse, H: On n'aime qu'une fois.

"This novel, which is a first work, is written in a gay and sparkling style, and is characterized by a power of observation at once subtle and exact. M. Liesse has certain affinities with the naturalistic school, loving minute details, or what M. Zola calls 'le document humain'. On the other hand, he is distinguished from this group by the wit of his dialogue. Now, naturalism has a tendency to fill its vocabulary with the most common and every-day speech, while M. Liesse recalls, by the smartness of repartee which he puts into his hero's mouth, the famous legends of Gavarni's cartoons." Acad., Jan. 17.

Loftie, Mrs. M. J. 46 social twitters.

"Mrs. Loftie republishes from the Sat. rev. 46 social twitters (Macmillan), all of them readable, some of them excellent, among these latter 'Mrs. Leo Hunter's husband' being noticeable." - Spectator, March 1, 1879.

Loménie, L: L. de. Esquisses historiques et littéraires.

Contents. Mirabeau et madame de Nehra. - M. et son père à la veille de la Révolution. Barnave. Chateaubriand et ses Mémoires. C. et la critique. C. et l'Acad. Française. - Alexis de Tocqueville.

Macedo, J. M. de. Theatro. 3 v.

0

Contents. Vol. 1. Luxo e vaidade; comedia. primo da California; opera. Amor e patria; drama. 2. A torre em concurso; comedia burlesca. O cego; drama. Cobé; drama. O sacrificio de Isaac; drama O fantasma branco;

sacro. opera.

3. Lusbela; drama.
O novo Othelo; comedia.

Macmillan's mag., April.

"The most interesting article is one on 'Backsheesh', which gives a picture of Turkish administration, and suggests the dimensions of the task of reform." Acad., April 3.