Language and Politics: The Belgian Case Study in a Historical Perspective

achieved administrative aimed applied autonomy became Belgian Belgium bilin bilingualism bourgeoisie Brussels conglomeration capital Catholic Flamingants Catholic Flemish Catholic Party cent central civil servants conflict cultural dominant Dutch language Dutch speakers Dutch-speaking Dutchification economic electoral elite equal established federal federalisation Flamingants Flan Flanders Flem Flemish and Walloon Flemish demands Flemish language Flemish Movement Flemish National Union Flemish nationalism Flemish question Flemish side Flemish-oriented Francophone French language French speakers French-speaking Frenchification guage gualism high status language ideology increased language border language community language group language laws language legislation language policies language rights liberal linguistic Louvain low status language ment middle classes minority municipalities nation building nationalist organisation particularly political position pressure groups principle of territoriality problem regard region result role secondary sector single language socialist tion Union University of Ghent VELTHOVEN Vlaams Blok Vlaamse Voeren vote Wallonia Walloon Movement