Leo III., Emperor, admired by Leo V.,
58
Leo V., Emperor : origin 11 ; Count of
the Federates, 13; strat. of Anatolics,
24; prophecies of his elevation, 25 ;
ambiguous conduct at Versinicia, 26,
350 sqq. ; elevation, 28 sq. ; reign,
43 899. ; ecclesiastical policy, 56
sqq. ; dealings with Iberia, 265;
with Paulicians, 277 ; treaty with
Lewis the Pious, 325, 329 ; embassy
to Lewis in A.D. 817, 329; interest
in Venice, 327 ; war with Bulgarians,
353 sqq. ; Wall of, 359; erects
watch-tower in Greece, 378
Leo VI., Emperor: parentage of, 169; law
on interest, 217 ; military salaries
under, 225
Leo III., Pope: letter to Theodore Stud.,
37 ; crowns Charles, 318 sq.
Leo IV., Pope, 185, 193
Leo, bishop of Mytilene, 75
Leo, candidatus, envoy of Michael II. to
Lewis, 117
Leo Chamaidrakon, 124
Leo Grammaticus, chronicle, 456
Leo Kastor, 174
Leo Lalakon, 191
Leo, magister, 440
Leo, the Philosopher, warns Bardas of
danger, 170; constructs signal
clocks, 247 ; 271 ; professor at Con-
stantinople, 435, 437, 439 ; career,
436 sqq. ; invited to Baghdad, 436 ;
attacked posthumously for Hel.
lenism, 440 sqq.
Leo, protovestiarios, 258
Leo, sakellarios under Irene, 5
Leo, sakellarios under Michael II., 116
Leo Serantapêchos, 5
Leo Sklêros, 378
Leo, Spatharios, flees to Charles the
Great, 318
Leo, stratêgos of Armeniacs, 343
Leo Triphyllios, 5
Leontini, 306
Leontios, iconoclastic monk, 61
Leontios, false legate at Council of 867,
202
Lesbos, 7, 90, 293
Levente, 426
Lewis the Pious, Emperor, 81 ; letter
of Michael II. to, 104, 117,6330 ;
attempts to settle iconoclastic
question, 118; embassies to Michael
II., ib. ; embassy of Theophilus to,
273, 418; treaty with Leo V., 325,
329 (cp. 355, n. 1); relations with
Bulgaria, 363 899.
Lewis II., Emperor: negotiations with
Constantinople, 201; acclaimed
Basileus at Constantinople, 203 ;
campaign in Italy, 315 ; proposed
marriage with daughter of Theo.
philus, 331, 432
Lewis the German, 373, 382 sqq., 389, 425
Libellus Ignatii, 198
Liburnia, 325
Licata, 299
Licosa, cape, battle of, 314
Lipari, as place of exile, 37
Liudewit, 330, 363
Lizikos, 182
Logothete of the Course (του δρόμου), 35 ;
Hexabulios, 49, 106; Theoktistos,
144 ; Symbatios, 159
Logothete, General (του γενικού),
functions, 210; Nicephorus, 5;
Phlotheos, 171
Logothete of the Herds (Twv åyelv), 211
Logothete, Military (ToŮ otpaTIWTIKOÛ),
210
Lombards of South Italy, 309 sqq.
Longoi, 102
Lothar, Emperor, 328, 331
Lothar II. of Lothringen, 200
Luchane, 412
Lulon, 245, 246 sq., 254, 280, 472, 474,
476
Lycaonia, Paulicianism in, 13
Macedonia, Bulgarians in, 340 ; Slavs of,
342; colonists from Asia Minor in,
342, 347
“Macedonia ” beyond the Danube, 165
sq., 356, 370
Magic, 38, 433 sqq.
Magister (uáriotpos, order of rank),
108; Theoktistos, 16; Alexios,
127 ; Arsaber, 156; Bardas, 160 ;
Basil, 174; Petronas, 284 ; chief
magister (πρωτομάγιστρος), 127 ;
Manuel, 144 ; Irenaeus, 300
Maglabitai, 53
Magnaura, school of, 437, 439
Magyars (Τούρκοι), 366, 371, 410;
migrations of, 423 sqq., and Appen-
dix XII. ; language, 426 ; tribes,
424
Mahdi, Caliph, 241 sq.
Mahdi, 253
Maina, 381
Majid, fort, 473
Makarios, abbot of Pelekete, 75, 139, 277
Makrolivada, 361
Malagina, 13
Malakopaia, 474
Malamir, reign of, 369 sqq., 382, Appen-
dix X.
Malamocco, 321 sq., 324, 327
Maleinos, see Nicephorus Maleinos
Malevo, 376
Mamun, Caliph, supports Thomas the
Slavonian, 87 sqq. ; religious heresy,
233 sq. ; finance under, 237 ; at
Baghdad, 243, 259 ; struggle with
Amin, 251 ; with Babek, ib. ; war
with the Empire, 254 sqq., 472 sqq. ;
death, 256 ; expedition against
Khazars, 408 ; interest in science
and learning, 446 sqq.
Maniakes, see Constantine, Armenian
Manichaeanism imputed to Paulicians,
40, 200, 277
Manikophagos, 268, 271
Mansur, Caliph, 239 sq.
Manuel, protostrator, 27 ; stratêgos of
Armeniacs, 46 ; uncle of Theodora,
81 (cp. 476); regent for Michael
III., 144, 155; connection with
Studites, 145, 149; speech in
Hippodrome, 146 ; magister, 149;
flight of, 256 sq. (cp. 272, 461),
474 sqq. ; Domestic of Schools, 258
Manuel, archbishop of Hadrianople, 356,
359, 382
Marblos, 130, 132
Marcellae, 339, 341, 343
Mardaites, 378
Maria, Empress, wife of Constantine
VI., 111
Maria, daughter of Theophilus, 126,
Appendix VI.
Maria, wife of Basil I., 169
Marianos, brother of Basil I., 459
Marineo, 305
Marinos, father of Empress Theodora,
81, 156
Marj-Uskuf, 284
Mark, St., corpse of, 327
Marriage with non-Christians and heretics,
124
Martin, Bulgarian envoy, 389
Martyropolis, 284
Marwan, Caliph, 407
Masalaion, 73
Massar, 313
Mathematics, 436 sqq.
Maurianos, 178
Maurice, Emperor, = Maruk, 241 sq.
Maurice, Duke of Venice, 322 ; his son
and colleague, Maurice, 323
Mauropotamon, 274, 282
Mazara, 298 sq.
Megerê, Hungarian tribe, 492
Melas, R., 102
Meleona, 338, 341, 348, 362
Melissenoi, family of, 25, 67, 159 (see
Kallistos Melissenoi)
Melitene, 244, 260, 273, 278
Menzale, Lake, 292
Mesembria, 347, 350, 357
Messina, 306
Metamir, 474
Methodius, apostle of the Slavs, 393,
399, 400, 401; Appendix XI.
Methodius, Patriarch : abbot of Chêno-
lakkos, 73; at Rome, ib. ; brings
papal letter to Michael II., 115 ;
imprisoned, 116; treatment of, by
Theophilus, 139 sq.,435; share in re-
storing images, 145 sqq. ; Patriarch,
147; date of death, 145; scandalous
charge against, 151; moderate policy
against heretics, 152, 182; attacked
by Studites, 181 sqq.
Methodius, painter, 374, 386
Methone (in Peloponnesus), 378
Metopa, 71
Metrophanes, bishop of Smyrna, 151,
190 sq., 396, 486
Mezkert, 260
Michael I., Emperor : Curopalates, 14 ;
children, 14 ; relations to Stauracius,
17 sqq. ; reign, 21 sqq. ; policy, 23
sq. ; defeated by Bulgarians, 26 ;
fall, 29; death, 30 ; ecclesiastical
policy, 39 sqq. ; negotiations with
Charles the Great, 325 ; Bulgarian
war, 346 sqq.; conspiracy of brothers
of Constantine V. against, 346
Michael II., Emperor: supports and
deserts Bardanes, 11 sq. ; Count of
the Tent, 12 ; relations with Leo V.,
44 sqq.; Domestic of Excubitors,
46 ; conspiracy against Leo V., 48
sqq. ; accession and coronation, 77
sq. ; character, 78 sqq., 112; second
marriage, 110 sq.; ecclesiastical
policy, 111 sqq. ; letter to Lewis
the Pious, 117, 462 ; death, 118;
attitude to
fellow - conspirators
against Leo V., 125; lightens hearth-
tax, 218; attempts to recover Crete,
289 sq. ; sends expedition to Sicily,
296 sqq. ; Dalmatia under, 330
Michael III., Emperor: birth, 126 (and
Appendix VI.); minority, 154 sqq. ;
marriage, 156 ; overthrows the re-
gency, 157 sqq. ; proclaimed sole
autokrator, 160 ; expels Theodora,
ib. ; consigns government to Bardas,
161 sqq. ; passion for horse races,
162, 176, 285 ; travesties ecclesias-
tical ceremonies, 162 sq. ; extrava-
gance, 164 ; relations with Eudocia
Ingerina, 156, 162 ; promotes Basil,
arranges murder of
Bardas, 170 sqq. ; letter to Photius,
172 ; elevates Basil to throne, 174
sq. ; murder of, 177 sq. ; called
Drunkard, 176; fortifies Ancyra,
266 ; campaigns against Saracens,
279 sqq., 419; suppresses fire
signals, 285 ; military demonstration
in Bulgaria, 384 ; acts as sponsor to
Boris, 385; repels Russians, 421 ;
length of reign, 468
Michael, Synkellos of Jerusalem, 75 ;
imprisoned by Theophilus, 139;
abbot of Chora, 147
Michael, commander at Panormos, 297,
450
Michael, stratêgos of Sicily, 450
Michael, bishop of Synnada, 65, 75
Michael Syrus, chronicle, 275, 462 sqq.
Miliarision, 214
Milings, 376, 379, 380
Miliniska, 413
Mineo, 302, 303, 304
Mines, 212
Miniatures, 431 sq.
Mint, 211, 212
Minturnae, 310
Misenum, 314
Moechian controversy, 34 sqq. (cp. 38,
note 1)
Mohammad ibn Huzaw, 288
Mohammad, African general in Sicily,
301
Mohammad ibn Musa (al-Khwarizmi),
438
Molos (in Lesbos), 75
Monasteries (see also under Constanti.
nople)—
Agathos (Bosphorus), 68, 112
Agros (Sigriane), 74
Crescentius, 112
Despotai, 56
Kleidion, 151
Pelekete, 75
Phoberon, 140, 141
Satyros, 30, 133, 183
Sosthenes, 136
Theodore, St. (Bosphorus), 68, 112
Tryphon, St., 116
Monasteries, taxation of, 213, 215
Monasticism, 196, 208 sq.
Monegarius, 326
Monembasia, 73
Money, comparative value of, 220
Mopsuestia, 245, 250, 276
Moravia, Great, 383, 392 899.
Mordvins, 411
Morocharzamioi, family, 60
Moros, see Theodore Moros
Mosaics, 131 sq.
Mosmar, 86
Motyke, 306
Mumdzhilar, mound at, 367
Mummeries of Michael III., 162 sq.,
176
Muntamir, 374
Mustain, Caliph, 243, 286
Mutasim, Caliph : religious views, 234 ;
Turkish bodyguard, 237 ; goes to
Samarra, 238, 243 ; war with
Empire, 259 sqq.
Mutawakkil, Caliph, 234, 307
Mutazalites, 233 sq.
Mutazz, Caliph, 286
Myron, father-in-law of Petronas, 257
Mytilene, 191
Nicetas Triphyllios, 5
Nicetas, commander of a fleet against
Venice, 324
Nicolas I., Pope : letter to Theodora,
177 ; ideas and claims, 192 sq.,
199; policy in the Ignatian schism,
correspondence with Michael and
Photius, 193 sqq. ; gifts of Michael
III. to, 193 ; claim to Sicily and
Illyricum, 194 sq. ; letter to Eastern
Patriarchs, 197 sq. ; synods of,
199; opposition to, in the West,
200 sq. ; anathematised at Con-
stantinople, 201 ; responses to Bul.
garian questions, 389 sqq. ; summons
Cyril and Methodius to Rome, 400 ;
death, ib.
Nicolas, caretaker of St. Diomede, 166
Nicolas, iconoclastic preacher, 38, 41
Nicolas Skutelops, 197
Nicolas, Studite monk, 71, 145, 192, 452
Nicomedia, 83
Nicopolis, on Danube, 338, 347
Nicopolis, on Jantra, 362
Nigrinianae, 367
Noto, 308
Novgorod, 412, 413, 417, 419, 423
Nyssa, 266
Naples, 309 sq., 311 sq., 313 899., 331
Nasar, stratêgos of Bukellarians, 283
Nasr, Saracen rebel, 259, 262, 265, 272
Nasr, envoy, 279 sq.
Naukratios of Studion, 192
Navarino, 377
Navy, 229 sqq., 291, 301, 421 ; Im-
perial, 91, 230, 421 ; Thematic,
90, 230 ; Saracen, 293
Neatokometes, see John Neatokometes
Negroes, 89, 124, 238
Neocaesarea, 108, 264
Neoi, island of, 293
Nestor, see Pseudo-Nestor
Nestorians, 243
Nicaea (in Thrace), 347
Nicephorus I., Emperor : General Logo-
thete, 5; conspires against Irene,
ib. ; coronation, 6; descent and
character, 8; reign and policy, 9
99. ; family, 14 ; age, ib.; death,
15, 344 ; story of his hunting, 30;
ecclesiastical policy, 31 sqq., 57 ;
financial measures, 212 sqq. ; war
with Saracens, 249 sqq. ; fortifies
Ancyra, 266; negotiations with
Charles the Great, 320 sq., 324 sq.;
recovers Venice, 324; revolt against,
in Liburnia, 329; Bulgarian wars
of, 340 sqq.; revolt of Peloponnesian
Slavs against, 376 sqq.
Nicephorus, Patriarch of Constantinople:
political action in reign of Stauracius,
18 sq. ; requires capitulation from
Michael I., 20; election as Patriarch,
32 sqq. ; his praise of Leo V., 47 ;
demands oath of orthodoxy from
Leo V., 56 sq. ; opposition to Leo,
62 sqq. ; illness, 66 sq. ; deposed,
67 ; his monasteries, 68, 112;
writings of, 69, 70; visited by
Theodore Studion, 112; buried in
Church of Apostles, 182; Life by
Ignatius, 183; relations to Roman
See, 208
Nicephorus Maleinos, 175
Nicephorus, envoy of Leo V. to Lewis
the Pious, 329
Nicephorus, engineer, 343
Nicetas, abbot of Medikion, 73
Nicetas Paphlagon, his Vita Ignatii,
470 sq. (The attribution has been
unsuccessfully assailed by Papado-
pulos-Kerameus.)
Nicetas, author of Refutation of
Mohammad, 439
Nicetas, bishop of Myra, 117
Nicetas Rentakios, 380
Obelierius, 323, 324, 325
Ochrida, 371, 384
Oderzo (Opitergium), 321
Oekonomos (ecclesiastical), 35, 108
Okorses, 366
Olbianos, stratêgos of Armeniacs, 87, 90,
99, 102
Oleg, 423
Olivolo, 321, 324
Omar, Emir of Melitene, 259, 281 sqq. ;
death, 284
Omurtag, Bulgarian king, aids Michael
II. against Thomas, 100 sqq. ; reign,
359 sqq. ; form of his name, 360 ;
buildings and inscriptions, 366 sqq. ;
persecution of Christians, 382;
children, 451
Onegavon, 365 sq.
Onopniktes, river, 112
Ooryphas, question of identity of persons
of this name, 143 sq. ; Nicetas, 191,
230 ; see also 290, 292, 419
Oracles, 300; books of, 51
Organs, 128, 134
Orthodoxy, Feast of, 150 899.
Oskold, 422 sq.
Ossero, 313
Ossetians, 409
Ostia, 314
Otranto, 309
Oxeia, island, 30, 36
Paideuomenos,' see Theophilus Paideuo-
Painting, 430 sqq. (see Pictures and Icons)
“Palata,” 297, 299, 450
Palestrina, 324
Palin, 260
Panion, 103, 107
Pankaleia, 270
Pankalo, 165
Pankratios, father of John the Gram-
marian, 60
Pannonia, 365, 399, 401
Panormos (Antigoni), island, 41
Panormos (Palermo), 297, 304 sq., 308
Paphlagonia, 81 (see under Themes)
Papias (keeper of Great Palace), 51, 159,
178
Parakoemomenos (high chamberlain) :
Damianos, 157 ; Basil, 169
Parakondakes, 277
Paros, 290
Partav, 410
Parteciaci, of Venice, 328 (see Agnellus
Parteciaci)
Partridge, symbolic, 170
Paschal I., Pope : correspondence with
Theodore Stud., 71, 73; on image-
worship, 115 ; death, 118
Passau, archbishopric of, 392, 400
Patrae, 167, 377 sq.
Patriarchs of Constantinople, appointment
of, 189 sq., 196 ; oath of, 189 ; elec-
tion of laymen, 32, 33, 194, 196, 207
Patriarchs, oriental, 138, 192, 197, 200
Patrikes, architect, 132
Patzikos, see Constantine Patzikos
Patzinaks, 411, 424, 425, 492
Paulicians, under Nicephorus I., 38;
persecution under Michael I., 40,
277 ; support Thomas, 86, 109;
persecuted by Theophilus and
Theodora, 276 sqq. ; settlements in
eastern Cappadocia, 278; in Bulgaria,
388
Paulus, stratêgos of Kephallenia, 324
Paulus, bishop of Populonia, 389
Peacocks, 322
Peganes, George, 175 sq.
Peloponnesus, 167, 224, 376 sqq.
Pentapyrgion, 134
Pentekontarchs, 227
Perekop, Gulf of, 425
Persecution of apostates enjoined by
Pope, 391 sq.
Persian element in Caliphate, 232 sq. ;
Persians (Persamenians), in Imperial
service, 252 899., 265
Peter, of Mt. Athos, 150
Peter, bishop of Nicaea, 65
Peter, relative of Boris, 389
Peter Bulgaros, 178
Peter, false legate at Council of 867, 202
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