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some fragments including the arms of Greystock, Percy, and Clifford, now in the east window, has been destroyed.

The college of Staindrop was "founded in 1412 by Ralph earl of Westmerdland and marshal of England, and Joan his illustrious consort to support a chaplain who was to be called master or warden, 8 chaplains, 4 secular clerks, 6 esquires, 6 valets, and six poor persons. There is very little known about this foundation, which did not survive the destruction of the monasteries. On Jan. 5, 1537-8, Edmund Nattrace, S.T.P. warden, and his brethren, made a grant of 4d. a day to Roger Gower for his life An oval seal is attached, and there is probably no other impression of it in existence. This seal represents the Virgin and Child sitting in a tabernacle, an old man is on his knees before them

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On March 6, 1312-13, Archbishop Bowet gave leave to Ralph, Earl of Westmerland, to appropriate the living of "Lethim" (ie., Kirkleatham, in Yorkshire), of which he was patron, to his college of Staindrop. By his will, Thomas Witham, of Cornburgh, senior, gave to the fabric of the church of Staindrop, for forgotten tenths, vis. viiid. and xxl. for the souls of Ralph 1st earl of Westmerland & Johanna his wife." By her will of May 10, 1440, Johanna, Countess of Westmerland, left to the college of Staindrop as a mortuary her best palfrey. On May 23, 1480, William Lambert, vicar of Gainford and master of the college of Staindrop, left to the college one great Portiforium called "j coucher," and one vestment "de blodio worset with flowers, for the altar in the parish church of Staindrop called "lorde's alter"; "to the chaplain of the said college at my funeral and mass 35. 4d., to 2 deacons ijs., and to the others 12d., and to 2 chints and the others viijd., to the vicar xxd., and to the parish clerk xijd., to the gilds of the Holy Trinity and St. Mary in the parish church of Staindrop xiijs. ivd... cs to distribute among the poor of Staindrop at the discretion of Thomas Hedon."

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Sir William Bulmer the elder, knight, by his will of October 6, 1531, left to the College of Staindrop & the priests there xs. for the soules of my father and mother and for my wyfs Saull, & for all the Saulls I am bound to pray for."

At a synod held in the Galilee, at Durham, on October 4, 1507, amongst those present were the Master of the College of Staindrop and the Vicar of the same. Amongst the sums due to the Bishop of Durham sede plena and to the Chapter of Durham sede vacante was "* de Magistro colegii de Standrop xxs."

On October 13, 1567, Christopher Todd by his will directed his body to be buried within the church of St. Gregory at the Trinity altar of "the sayd churche of Stayndropp."

According to the "Inventorie of the 16 August, 6 Edward VI.," there were at "Staindrope one challice, weying viij ownces, thre bells in the stepell, and a sance bell and one hand bell."

There is a curious story of Humphrey Keene, who in 1635 cast the church bells. It appears he ran short of metal, and entered the house of Cuthbert Cartington, of Durham, whose wife, Cecilia, deposed that she knew the said Keene, "who about 4 yeares agoe did cast bells att Durham and amongst the rest two bells for the church of Staindropp," and took away certain articles weighing about two hundredweight, including a brass pot, a brazen mortar, two great chargers, etc., and promised to "pay her in money soe much as the same Keene had to have £25 from Toby Ewbank for casting the bells. The bailiff of the Dean and Chapter of Durham "did distryne certayne bell metall and worke geare then remayneing in a chist in the guest hall att Durham."

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The annual meeting of the WILTSHIRE ARCHEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY was held at Swindon on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, July 5, 6 and 7. The general meeting was held on the evening of July 5, Mr. C. H. Talbot, the president, being in the chair. After the annual dinner had taken place, the report for the past year was read by Mr. H. S. Medlicott, hon. sec. stated that the society has at present 354 subscribing members--a decrease of three on last year-and that considerable progress had been made towards the production of a second part of the illustrated catalogue of the antiquities in the society's museum, the first part, comprising the Stourhead collection, having already been published. Considerable additions have been made to the library during the year by the gift of a large number of MSS by Mr. John Mullings, and the catalogue of the collections of drawings and prints will soon be ready for issue. The work of compiling a catalogue of the portraits existing in the county has been started, some 800 of the forms having been issued to picture-owners and others, a certain proportion of which have already been returned filled up. The report having been carried and the officers re-elected, Mr. A. Cole read a paper on "The Registers of Swindon." This concluded the evening's proceedings.

On Wednesday, July 6, the members left by train for Uffington, where they were met by the carriages, in which they proceeded to Uffington Church, Mr. Doran Webb, F.S.A., acting as guide throughout the day. This church is a very remarkable thirteenth-century building, with many curious and unusual features about it, and except that the lancet-windows of the nave have lost their tops, owing to the ruined condition in which the nave remained for some time, the original work has been singularly little altered or spoiled. The octagonal tower, the two piscina, one on each side of the sedilia, the transept chapels, the south transept porch and door, and the numerous consecration crosses on the outside, as well as the fine old ironwork of the south doors, were all commented on and admired.-The next stop was Woolstone

Church, where the principal object of interest is the leaden font, apparently of the fourteenth century. From this point the members walked up the steep sides of the downs to the White Horse and the camp above, and as the day was a perfect one, the view from the top was very fine. Proceeding thence along the ancient ridgeway, the chambered tumulus known as Weyland Smith's Cave was visited. There are many of this class of chambered barrow in Brittany and the Channel Islands, but very few in the South of England. From this point the breaks took the party past Ashdown Park, with its multitudes of sarsen stones, still lying in sites half buried in the ground, to Lambourn. Here, after lunch, the fine church and the newly-restored fifteenth-century cross, with part of its ancient head embedded in the new work, were inspected. The church has a nave, with arcades and clerestory of twelfth-century work; a fine central tower, and a number of brasses and other objects of interest.-Leaving Lambourn, the carriages drove back past Ashdown, and entering Wiltshire (the places hitherto seen are in Berkshire), set down the members at Bishopstone Church. Here there is a fine Norman doorway, built into the north wall of the Perpendicular chancel, a fragment of a Norman font, embedded in a wooden one made to match it, and a few pieces of stained glass in one of the windows.-Little Hinton Church, in the adjoining parish, has Norman arcades of two types, and a font that was originally a very remarkable specimen of Norman work. Unhappily, however, some years ago it was ruthlessly re-cut, and one cannot be at all sure that either the knot-work on the lower part of the bowl, or the arcading at the top, represents the original form or appearance of sculpture.-A short halt at Wanborough Church, remarkable for its western tower and small central spirelet, completed this day's excursion.-At the evening meeting papers by Mr. A. D. Passmore on "A Roman Building lately discovered at Swindon," and by Mr. A. S. Maskelyne on "Cricklade" were read, and the attention of members was drawn to the remarkable collection of antiquities, etc., admirably arranged round the large room in which the meeting was held by Mr. A. D. Passmore. The objects were almost entirely of local origin, and have been collected by their owner during the last four or five years. They include a large number of celts, arrow-heads, and scrapers, nearly all of flint, but in the case of one or two celts of a hard green stone foreign to the county.

Thursday, July 7, was devoted to the inspection of a number of churches and houses in the northeastern corner of the county, the boundary only being passed at Coleshill, which lies in Berkshire.Stanton Fitzwarren Church was the first to be visited. The highly ornate Norman font, with figures of the Virtues trampling on the Vices, is well known for its being figured in Paley's "Fonts," but the very interesting early features of the building itself do not seem to have attracted notice hitherto. Before the quite recent addition at the west end the proportions of the aisleless nave with its high narrow north and south doorways, and its small original window high up in the wall, were singularly

Saxon in appearance.-Hannington Church, which came next, is less interesting, though it has certain points about it which are difficult to explain. Here special notice was drawn to an effigy now lying exposed in the churchyard, and the Vicar promised that it should be taken into the church for better preservation.-Castle Eaton Church, lying some four miles to the north, and close to the Thames, has several interesting features, notably what seems to have been a bone-hole, the windows of which remain, but the chamber itself has been filled up. There are also curious rough wooden posts instead of pillars in the fifteenth-century north aisle, a sanctus cot of the type of Leigh Delamere and Acton Turville, and the remains of some wall-painting where the altar at the end of the north aisle stood.After lunch Highworth Church was visited-a large much restored building, chiefly fifteenth century, with twelfth and thirteenth century work in parts The most interesting thing, however, is the magnificent silver gilt pre-reformation chalice bearing the date letter for 1534. Wiltshire is fortunate in possessing two-Wylye and Highworth of the four or five known chalices of this type and date, both of them still in use in the churches to which they belong. Coleshill, the residence of the Hon. Duncombe Bouverie, which was the next item on the programme, is a wholly unaltered Inigo Jones house, with a magnificent hall and staircase of the usual carved and painted deal, characteristic of the period—a fine example of the style.--Leaving Coleshill, which is just over the Berkshire border, and returning once more to Wilts, Warneford Place, the seat of one of the oldest Wiltshire families, with its picturesque grounds, was reached. The house itself shows but few evidences of an antiquity greater than Jacobean times, and is quaint rather than interesting, the greater part of the existing building being apparently of eighteenth-century date. A few miles drive from this point brought the party back to Swindon, from which point they dispersed, after a very pleasant two days' meeting Throughout the second day's excursion, Mr. C E Ponting, F.S.A., who has so often laid the society under a like obligation before, acted as an architectural guide to the members.

Reviews and Motices
of New Books.

[Publishers are requested to be so good as always to mark clearly the prices of books sent for review, as these notices are intended to be a practical aid to book-buying readers.]

THE HISTORY OF LANDGUARD FORT IN SUFFOLK. By Major J. H. Leslie. Published with the sanction of the Secretary of State for War. Cloth, 4to., pp. 141. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode. Price 12s.

A good many people will probably ask where Landguard Fort is. It will scarcely help them to discover its exact position if they are told that it is described in some documents as being in Suffolk

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PLAN OF LANDGUARD IN 1534.

preface to this excellent piece of topographical history by observing that: Very few people, probably, except soldiers who have had the good fortune, or the misfortune, to be quartered at Landguard Fort, have ever heard of the place; still fewer know where it is, and scarcely anyone is aware that it possesses a history." Like some other excellent archæological work, Major Leslie's seems to have received its inception from an accident, in his appointment in 1896 to the command of a company of Garrison Artillery at

of Charles I., but there is ample evidence to show that there was some sort of fortification there long before 1627-28, when the fort as such was first completed. Indeed, it is very probable, we think, that some sort of earthwork existed at the spot even long before the earlier fortification, which Major Leslie has traced back to the reign of Henry VIII. It was during the seventeenth century that Landguard Fort played its most important part, when England was at war with the Dutch. In 1667 the Dutch made a determined attack on it.

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