Should a representative be bound by pledges to his constituents? What circumstances justify a voter in bolting his party ticket, especially when such bolt, by defeating an undesirable candidate for a state office, may endanger the election of a desirable candidate for a national office?

Has a public officer a right to grant a favor or give an advantage to his party at the public expense?

Has he a right to reward a political service by the bestowal of patronage?

May a superior officer in the civil service rightfully use his official authority to influence or coerce the votes of his subordinates?

Is it proper for judges and legislators to accept and use free passes on railroads?

Is there any moral obligation on a government to extradite persons natives of other countries-charged by the official representatives of such countries with criminal offenses?

Is it honest or politic for a nation or State to "scale" its debt? Does good faith or good policy require the payment in gold coin of the United States bonds which are made payable in "coin?"

Was it just for the Supreme Court of the United States to construe the Legal-Tender Act so as to compel acceptance of paper money as payment on a contract which was drawn when only coin was a legal tender?

In December, 1887, the United States Supreme Court, in deciding the Kansas Prohibition Cases, held that whenever a business formerly legal becomes illegal, the sufferers thereby have no claim for compensation. Is this position just?

SUBJECTS FOR ESSAYS.

Sources of the Federal Constitution in English experience. Sources of it in American colonial charters. Views of the Union held by the seceding States-1861. The Constitutional History of your own State. Of the United States. The British Constitution. British Parliamentary Government. The French Republic. The German Empire. The Dutch Republic. The Swiss Republic.

The Papacy, in its former temporal power. The Canadian Government as constituted by the British North America Act. The republics of Greece and Rome and of South America compared with the United States. The proposed Imperial Federation of the British Colonies.

QUESTIONS FOR DEBATE.

In what sense are men free and equal?

In the United States, changes in the Federal constitution require the slow process of passing amendments. In Great Britain this power can be immediately exercised by Parliament. Which is preferable ?

Ought the secret sessions of the United States Senate to be abolished?

Does Federal law sufficiently provide for national defenses ? Does Federal law sufficiently define the duty of bearing arms for national defense?

Do the patent laws protect inventors and the public as they ought?

Ought the United States to enact international copyright ?

Is Commercial Union with Canada desirable?

Would Commercial Union between the United States and Canada be favorable to their political union?

It is often complained that in the national and State legislatures the work of committees is irresponsible. Assuming this complaint just, what is the remedy?

Are all nations equally capable of republican government, irrespective of their position in the scale of civilization?

Have centralizing tendencies developed themselves to a dangerous extent in the Federal government?

Have the Federal legislature, executive and judiciary, assumed undesirable relations to one another? If so, what are these relations, and what remedies are applicable ?

Is it politic for the Federal executive to have the power to supervise the election of members of Congress and of the electoral colleges?

Are the present constitutional provisions respecting presidential elections adequate?

Should members of the Cabinet be chosen exclusively from that party which has elected the President?

Is it politic to regard Cabinet appointments as a means of conciliating and harmonizing the sections of a party?

Would the election of members of the Cabinet from the majority in Congress increase party responsibility in matters of government? Should members of the Cabinet have seats on the floor of Congress and a voice in its debates ?

Would the Federal Government be right in endowing original scientific research and instruction in art?

Is life insurance a legitimate function of government ?
Should the Federal Government issue annuities?

Is the guardianship of the rights or interests of labor a function for government?

Are governments warranted in the establishment of labor bureaus and similar agencies for the special interests of certain classes of citizens?

SOCIALISM, COMMUNISM AND SOCIAL QUESTIONS. CIALIS

TERMS FOR DEFINITION.

Socialism. Communism. Charity organization.

SUBJECTS FOR ESSAYS.

The doctrines of Lassalle, Marx and Fourier, with comment of their principal critics. American, English, German and French Socialism. The doctrines of Malthus, with the criticisms of Godwin, Mill and Spencer. Charity organization in the United States. The Haymarket murders, Chicago, for which certain anarchists were executed November 11, 1887. British pauperism.

QUESTIONS FOR DEBATE.

Is there any necessary antagonism between the conditions favorable to the largest aggregate production of national wealth and those favorable to the most equitable distribution of that wealth?

If the generals of industry were popularly elected, is it probable that the best men would be chosen ?

Have workmen any reason to be discontented with their present condition?

The displacement of labor by machinery, in making special skill worthless, causes grievous loss. Is this loss a proper subject for philanthropic consideration? If so, what relief is practicable?

Is the consumption of luxuries economically an evil?

With existing facilities of production, is there any limit to the number of inhabitants the earth could support?

Should bequests and the amounts devolving in cases of intestacy be limited?

Is the proportion of wealth in the possession of the rich in the United States larger now than formerly?

Are rich men under any moral obligation to give or bequeath a part of their wealth for public purposes?

What are the preventable causes of pauperism? Of crime?

In so far as philanthropy may shield a weak or wicked man from the natural consequences of his vices, is not harm done?

Was the Prison Act passed by the New York Legislature in 1889 a wise measure?

How can the competition of prison labor with other labor be rendered just?

Should capital punishment be abolished?

It is usual with social reformers to agitate solely for constitutional and legislative reform. Does not this course tend to weaken the perception that self-help and self-reform are also desirable?

QUESTIONS DISCUSSED BY THE POLITICAL ECONOMY CLUB OF LONDON.

A SELECTION.

To what extent are considerations of justice and morality admissible in the discussion of questions of Political Economy?— F. M. Macleod.

What is the value of moral education to economical improvement; and conversely, what are the bearings of economical prosperity on moral excellence?-John Stuart Mill.

Are there any reasons for believing that a law designed to diminish the prevalence of credit in the country, by denying legal validity to debts of longer standing than say six months, would be economically advantageous?— W. Newmarch.

Considering that the extra services and the extra supplies of commodities required for the purposes of a war are actually provided or consumed during each year of war, how far, if at all, is it true, that a loan enables the community to throw a part of the burden of the war upon posterity?—J. A. Hankey.

Is a uniform income tax in accordance with the just principles of taxation ?—Robert Lowe.

What is the most convenient definition of the word "Tax?"Thorold Rogers.