Oriental Countries To-day: pt. 1. Class and political struggle in the east. pt. 2. The national question

active administrative Afro-Asian countries Algeria alliance anti-imperialist apparatus areas army Asia and Africa Asia and North Asian assimilation autonomous backward bourgeois Burma capitalism capitalist cent China Chinese Civil Service officials class struggle colonial Communist movement Communist Party cultural developing countries East Eastern countries economic elite ethnic processes exploitation factors feudal forces formation forms historical ideological imperialist independence India Indonesia influence intellectuals interests internal Iran language leaders leadership Malay Malaysia Maoist Marxism-Leninism masses middle strata military million Moscow multi-structural national bourgeoisie national consolidation national development national liberation national minorities national movements national processes national question national situation national-liberation nationalist non-capitalist organisation Pakistan peasants petty bourgeoisie population present-day progressive proletariat Punjabis reactionary reforms regimes region relations Republic revolution revolutionary democratic role ruling Russian social socialist society socio-economic Soviet Sri Lanka structure Tamils tendency tion trade unions traditional tribal V. I. Lenin West Pakistan workers Yemen