thousand soldiers giving the impression of force and solidity, and at their head rode Governor Beaver, bowing with courtly dignity to the right and the left, in response to the shouts and cheers. New Jersey followed closely, Governor Greene receiving a royal reception as he came abreast of the reviewing-stand. His portly, dignified form was clad in a handsomely-fitting suit of black broadcloth, and his face was illumined with smiles as he saluted the President. Georgia was well represented, and Governor Gordon's splendid horsemanship greatly admired. As soon as he was recognized by the crowd he was cheered with a will. Connecticut was in fine feather, the gorgeous uniform of the Foot-Guards outshining everything of the kind that had gone before; Governor Bulkeley rode at the head of the column with soldierly precision. Massachusetts was not behind her sister states only in the order of march, but received an inspiring ovation from block to block along the route; her Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company was the rear-guard, which displayed about three hundred kinds of picturesque uniforms-as many as there were men. Governor Oliver Ames was a striking figure at the head of this display, and warmly applauded. There were no state lines with the paraders; they came from the north and the south and the east and the west, and there were no local prejudices in the throngs that looked on. People had come from all parts to see something that belonged to all. Everybody enjoyed the parade all the better because of the instantaneous and general acceptance of the fact that the celebration was intended for the whole country. The marching line was fully six miles long, and on either side of it for the entire distance was a solid wall of human beings, extending on the streets from the curb-stones up to the tops of the buildings, and in the squares and other open spaces running up and back in tier after tier of seats. The roofs, the windows, the trees-every available spot where a perch could be obtained-were pre-empted. As an object lesson in the rise and progress of the union of states, and as an exhibition of the material resources of the United States in men and means for offensive and defensive purposes, nothing could have been more to the purpose than this exhibition of its citizen soldiery. Both New York and the nation will have occasion to remember it with pride.

A volume might easily be filled with mention of the different military bodies who were represented in the parade. New Hampshire sent three regiments, and Governor Sawyer rode at the head of the line. The Virginia troops, a gallant band, followed, and Governor Fitzhugh Lee met with an enthusiastic greeting. The New York troops made a splendid appearance, and were an hour in passing the stand. Nothing more imposing than the

Seventh Regiment could be imagined. Its full companies filled the avenue from curb to curb, making a solid column that fitted the straight lines of the sidewalk as though one had been cut for the other. There was not a glimpse of the pavement, and the uniforms and bayonets thus massed presented the aspect of some gorgeous piece of cloth richly embroidered with steel. As the procession came on, the gray of the Seventh gave place to the colors of the other regiments and their bands, but the compactness of the column was retained, and the illusion of a rolling river of ever-changing shade was heightened. Governor Dillingham of Vermont and Governor Buckner of Kentucky, both at the head of welldrilled troops, were cheered heartily. Ohio carried off many of the honors, Governor Foraker, a remarkably handsome man of fine presence, looking his best, was received with uproarious cheering on every side. He stands in one of the groups on the Erastus Wiman in our illustration, page eleven, his portrait, however, not particularly marked, as his face is turned seaward; the profile portrait of Mrs. Foraker, standing near him, is perfect.

But the shades of evening were drawing near, and the great centennial banquet at the opera-house was to be the crowning glory of the day. The doors opened at 8 o'clock.

At an oblong table near the centre of the vast auditorium the Presi dent was seated, also the Vice-President, the chief justice, General Schofield, Senator Evarts, ex-President Hayes, Bishop Potter, Secretary Proctor, General Sherman, the governor, the lieutenant-governor, Admiral Porter, Judge Andrews, Senator Hiscock, ex-President Cleveland, Speaker Cole, S. S. Cox, Clarence W. Bowen, the mayor of the city presiding at the head of the table, and Elbridge T. Gerry sitting opposite him. There were twenty-six other tables, arranged in semicircles and crescents, and a more intellectual and brilliant company was never assembled to pay tribute to the memory of a soldier and statesman. On every table and on every side were flowers in such profusion that one could scarcely distinguish the dividing lines in the masses of color. The decorations in front of the boxes of the lower and upper tiers and along the balcony rails were magnificently beautiful. At nine o'clock, as if by decree, the boxes and the balconies were filled with ladies in evening dress, sparkling with jewels-Mrs. Harrison and Mrs. Morton taking their places in the President's box. The scene was too radiant for any word-picture.

We must not fail just here to take a look at illuminated New York, while cigars completed the happiness of the banqueters. The scene without the opera-house was one of dazzling splendor. The greater part of

the dwellings were lighted from basement to attic, and the enormous hotels were hung with glittering lights, as with necklaces of sapphires, emeralds, and diamonds; on nearly every window-sill were red, white, and blue flower-pots. Thousands of people were in the streets-hundreds of thousands, it was said-and the multitude crowded into Madison square to enjoy the concert given by forty-two German singing-societies, with an orchestra of seventy-five musicians. Meanwhile, pyrotechnic exhibitions were in progress in all the parks of the city, and in these Washington figured in the most remarkable variety of effects.

Returning to the banquet, where the learning, the wit, the distinction, and the highest intelligence of the nation were centred, the mayor of the city introduced the governor of the state, who pronounced the address of welcome. In responding to the toast "The People of the United States," ex-President Cleveland said: "The enthusiasm which marks the celebration of the centennial of the inauguration of their first chief magistrate shows the popular appreciation of the value of the office which in our plan of government stands above all others for the sovereignty of the people, and is the repository of their trust. Surely such a people can be safely trusted with their free government, and there need be no fear that they have lost the qualities which fit them to be its custodians. If they should wander, they will return to duty in good time; if they should be misled, they will discover the true landmarks none too late for safety; and if they should even be corrupted, they will speedily be found seeking with peace-offerings their country's holy altar."

"The States," was the theme of Governor Fitzhugh Lee's stirring eloquence. He said: "The inauguration of George Washington as the first President of the United States is the event in American history we are celebrating to-night. It so happens that I am at present the governor of the state in which he was born, lived, and is now sleeping his last sleep so quietly and calmly that no sound will ever awake him to glory again. Owing to that circumstance, and from no merit of mine, I feel I have been honored by the request to make a response to the toast just read. In considering the states, we must remember the father of our country, not only for the services of his sword, not only because he was president of the convention in 1787 which framed the Constitution, but because it was due to his great influence that the constitutional helm of our government was attached to the ship of state when first launched on her great experimental voyage. Let us then with grateful emotion greet the memories of the men whose profound knowledge enabled them to construct a government of states, which in turn, by their representatives,

encircled the states themselves by a national constitutional girdle. The rights of the states and the powers of the general government were defined so that the security of the states is the safety of the Union, and the safety of the Union is the security of the states."

President Eliot, of Harvard University, responded to the toast "Our Schools and Colleges," saying: "Imagine the eight million children actually in attendance at the elementary schools of the country brought before your view. They would fill this great house sixteen hundred times, and every time it would be packed with boundless loves and hopes. Each unit in that mass speaks of a glad birth, a brightened home, a mother's pondering heart, a father's careful joy. In all that multitude every little heart bounds and every eye shines at the name of Washington. They all, of whatever race, British, Irish, French, German, Scandinavian, Italian, Spanish, Greek, African, Indian, and of whatever religious communion, Jewish, Mormon, Roman Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, Wesleyan, Presbyterian, Congregational-all have learned that he was the brave and steadfast soldier, the wise statesman, and the patriotic ruler, who made their country free, strong, and just. They all know his figure, dress, and features, and if asked to name their country's hero every voice would answer, Washington."

Chief Justice Fuller responded to the toast, "The Federal Constitution," ex-President Hayes to "The Presidency," General Sherman to "The Army and Navy," Senator John W. Daniel to "The Senate," and Senator William M. Evarts to "The Judiciary," who said, in part: “Mr. President: Whoever might receive the honor from your committee to speak in this presence and upon this occasion, might well wish that he could command some treatment of his theme, that, in thought and phrase would comport in some degree with the grandeur of this celebration and the dignity of the topics that should merit our attention. But this hope would be vain. The concourse of these vast crowds of our countrymen that have filled the great city through these successive festal days, the pomp and splendor of the pageants of the bay and of the streets, the illustrious assemblage of the great heads of government of the nation and the states, the collected multitude of eminent men of all pursuits and all opinions of a populous, a prosperous, and a powerful people—these are the true orators and interpreters of the nation's sentiments, of the nation's joys and hopes at an epoch which recalls the past of a century and suggests the forecasts of another.

It might be thought that the judicial establishment of the new government would easily find in the method and example of English judica

ture and jurisprudence a ready and complete frame and system for the young nation. The new features, however, in our political establishments, and their wide departure from the fundamental theory of the English monarchy and the English parliament, needed, and obtained in the frame of the Constitution, new functions for the judiciary, and stupendous exaltation of those functions in the co-ordinate powers of government which have never before been thought possible. It is no wonder, Mr. President, that this consummate product of the wisdom and courage of the framers of our Constitution-I mean this exaltation of deliberate reason, as the final arbiter of the rights of the people and the powers of government, into an every-day working force, in the orderly administration of the affairs of a great nation-should have challenged the admiration of philosophers and statesmen alike in every nation that has studied its mechanism and its resistless and unresisted power."

The brilliant scholar and orator, James Russell Lowell, responded to the toast," Our Literature," and President Harrison to "The United States of America." When the latter arose the company arose also, and greeted him with the most tumultuous applause. He spoke distinctly, and his words reached every part of the vast audience-room. Of the celebration he said: "The occasion and all its incidents will be memorable. not only in the history of your state, but in the history of our country. New York did not succeed in retaining the seat of the national government, though she made liberal provision for the assembling of the first congress, in the expectation that it might find its permanent home here; but though you lost that which you coveted, I think the representatives here of all the states will agree that it was fortunate that the first inauguration of Washington took place in the state and in the city of New York. For where in our country could the centennial of the event have been so worthily celebrated as here? What seaboard offered so magnificent a bay upon which to display our naval and merchant marine? What city presented thoroughfares so magnificent, or a population so great and so generous as New York has poured out to celebrate that event? I congratulate you to-day, as one of the instructive and interesting features of this occasion, that these great thoroughfares, dedicated to trade, have closed their doors, and have covered the insignia of commerce with the stars and stripes; that your great exchanges have closed; that in the very heart of Wall street the flag has been carried, and upon the old historic spot men who give their time and energies to trade have given these days to their country, to thoughts of her glory, and to aspirations of her honor and prosperity."