been stirred by his utterances, Dr. Coyle, in reply to a request from the editor of the "Pacific" (a Congregational journal), has made a personal statement, from which it appears that while his remarks were "expanded and embellished by an enterprising interviewer," he still affirms that "comity is a humbug," and refers in proof to several recent cases. As to these cases, the detailed statements given by the "Pacific" leave us no room to doubt that Dr. Coyle's adverse opinion has no better basis than defective knowledge of the facts. The cases are closely analogous to a number in this vicinity of which we have personal knowledge, in which no accusation of lacking comity was ever brought, so far as we know. The last report of the Home Missionary Superintendent states that since 1892 there have been organized thirty-five Congregational churches which have received aid from his society. But of these all but three were in places where no other church existed, and none of the three others seem open to the charge of intrusion. Our own conclusion is that, while Dr. Coyle's opinion that "comity is a humbug" is hasty and thus far groundless, his frank expression of it may be promotive of comity by emphasizing the need of a considerate and fraternal treatment of every opportunity for the exhi. bition of comity.

The Anglican Church Controversy
The latest accounts indicate a subsidence

of the public excitement, though not of the deep feeling, aroused by the controversy in and concerning the Anglican Church, and its prospective transference to the next session of Parliament. "The right of a legislature

to control a State Church," writes a rector in the membership of the Liberal Churchman's Union," cannot be a matter of doubt." This feeling seems to be shared by the lower ranks of society. The Central Committee of the Liverpool Workingmen's Conservative Association passed unanimously a resolution demanding that legislation should be enacted next session to enable the laity to secure prompt redress against lawlessness; to substitute deprivation for imprisonment as a punishment for such lawlessness; and to insure that no powers possessed by the bishops shall in any way prevent the laity from obtaining such redress by ordinary course of law. The policy of invoking legislative interference to curb the innovating practice of the clergy seems to be contemplated by the for

mation of a Layman's League at Liverpool "to put down lawlessness in the Church of England, and to secure the rights of the laity."

Rest for Father Ignatius

A matter of curious rather than important note is the recent ordination, after nearly forty years in Episcopal orders, of the Rev. Joseph Leicester Lyne, better known as "Father Ignatius," and notorious for his invectives against the "infidelity" of such men as Bishop Brooks. His new orders have been derived from the Syrian Church of Antioch, "the original see of St. Peter," and were conferred by Mar Timotheos, whom the Patriarch of Antioch has appointed "Archbishop and Metropolitan for the Old Catholics of America." Mar Timotheos was formerly known as the Rev. Réné Vilatte, in the Episcopal diocese of Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. The ordination took place in the monastery established by Father Ignatius at Llanthony, Wales, the postulant stipulating previously that he did not, in joining the Old Catholics, share their hostility to the Church of Rome. The Old Catholics, it would seem, are hopeful of gaining some advantage in England from the present dissensions in the Anglican Church.

Obituary Notes

While viewing with his family the naval parade of August 20, the Rev. Edward A. Bradley, the vicar of St. Agnes's Chapel, Trinity Parish, New York, died suddenly of apoplexy, at the age of fifty-seven. Dr. Bradley began his ministry in 1865, as assistant in Calvary Church, New York, and subsequently labored in various parishes East and West, until he took charge of St. Agnes's in 1892, since when it has gathered a congregation of thirteen hundred communicants. Deservedly appreciated in his own communion as a pastor of marked executive ability, he was also highly esteemed in others as a man of catholic sympathies.

An equally serious loss has befallen the Episcopal Church in the death, announced by cable from Vienna, August 16, of the Rev. Charles R. Baker, D.D., rector of the Church of the Messiah in Brooklyn for the past twenty-five years, a man of much pastoral ability, intellectual power, and liberal spirit, who will be greatly missed. He was about a year younger than Dr. Bradley.

Bismarck and Gladstone

To the Editors of The Outlook:

There was one difference between Bismarck and Gladstone which was not referred to in your retrospect of the German statesman. From the close of the war with France till the time of his retirement, no man in Europe was so much trusted by the Governments of other nations as Bismarck. I do not know that there is another such instance in history. On the contrary, a Premier could not have been less trusted than Gladstone; not because his intentions were doubtful, but from his lack of good judgment in practical affairs. The reason for this is that Bismarck understood the character of his own time and acted in accordance with the laws of the universe; whereas Gladstone lacked penetration into the elements about him and acted according to fixed laws of his own creation. Neither can we say that this was owing to a higher moral standard, when we consider that in 1861 he eulogized Jefferson Davis as the founder of a new nation with a government based on slavery; that in 1870 he replied to King William's request to interfere for the prevention of the French war with the advice that the King of Prussia should humiliate himself to Louis Napoleon; and that in 1886 he proposed to turn six millions of people over to the tender mercies of an enormous Tammany ring.1

No political monstrosity like the Home Rule Bill has ever been proposed in the halls of Congress. Gladstone was a magnificent man in his way, but it was as an orator and a man of letters, not as a statesman. It is only in America and Ireland that any enthusiasm for him now exists. Few educated Englishmen consider him a great statesman, and the French Republicans continually refer to him as the leader who misled his own party.

If Bismarck had been the supporter of despotism that American journalists imagine, it is not likely that he would have been supported in his greatest enterprises by the German Liberals, who carried them through the Reichstag for him. Lasker was not a

1A well-known Harvard Professor inquired of John Bright why they did not take one or two of the Parnellites into the Government, and the old Quaker replied: "Why? Because there is not one of them whom we can trust."

Liberal, but a Socialist in disguise and a Progressist. We have no class of people in America like the German Progressists; only isolated cases, such as the Garrisons and W. D. Howells. They are visionary and unpractical. English news writers, however, have described them as Liberals from malicious motives. No man in this century has been so misrepresented as Bismarck-intentionally in England, unintentionally in America. I have made a study of German politics and know the ground I stand on.

F. P. S.

Appeal of the Outdoor Recreation League To the Editors of The Outlook:

The Outdoor Recreation League urgently appeals for funds for two open-air gymnasiums-one, called "Hudsonbank," situated at Fifty-third Street and Eleventh Avenue, overlooking the Hudson River, and the other in the new small park on Hester Street.

For the former the League pays rent, and the work of equipment is almost completed. The latter is not yet begun, but, under date of August 1, in a communication from President George C. Clausen, of the Department of Parks, "permission is granted the Outdoor Recreation League to erect on that portion of William H. Seward Park bounded by East Broadway, Division, and Jefferson Streets, at its own expense, apparatus for a gymnasium and outdoor playground, and to maintain the same." The contractors are daily expected to complete the filling-in of the space allotted the League, and then the work of erecting the gymnasium will begin. An inspection of the work already done on the Hudsonbank grounds will convince the most skeptical that they should aid this cause, if, indeed, the benefits of outdoor gymnasiums to the boys and young men of these two exceptionally crowded districts are not self-evident.

That this first experiment of the kind in New York may be an assured success, and lead the municipality itself to follow the example of other cities and make such improvements in many other localities, the League's gymnasiums should be models in design, equipment, and management. Each one, with the attached playground, costs at least $1,000 to equip, besides the expense of

maintenance. It is hoped, for the sake of the working lads and men, to light the gymnasiums by electricity, and keep them open in the evening until November 30. This work is now in the formative stage, and the measure of its usefulness depends upon the promptness of the public's response to this appeal. Contributions should be sent to Mrs. Charles R. Lowell, Treasurer O. R. L., 120 East Thirtieth Street.

Anglicanism and Protestantism To the Editors of The Outlook:

I have read with particular interest the articles in your paper on "The Rift in the English Church." In your issue of the 20th inst. appear two letters, presumably on the subject, but really a defense of the deplorable condition of affairs brought about by (in the case of the first letter) the writer's co-apostates. The question, "Is this Anglicanism?" is easily answered, No! The writer is not a good Anglican, not even a bad Roman, but what we call in England a Ritualist, or High Churchman, terms particularly repugnant to members of the Church of England. The English Church is understood to be Protestant as opposed to Roman Catholicism. The term is now applied to, and accepted by, all Western Christians who are not Roman Catholics, although it is disclaimed by some High Churchmen in England. The Sovereign, who is by law the Supreme Governor of the Church, promises to maintain the Protestant Reformed religion. I acknowledge that the term Protestant is objectionable to most Churchmen, but that is because, in a general sense, it ranks them with sectarians. I fail, and others must, to see where the absurdity is in speaking of Romanizing Anglicans. The Church of England is a branch of the Holy Catholic Church, as also is the Church of Rome, but where the difference lies every Churchman knows, and because the errors that crept into the Church of Rome are creeping into the Church of England it seems to me a perfectly logical term to use, and easily understandable.

To enunciate what Anglicans understand by errors in the Roman Communion would fill a volume; let the following from Article XIX. in our Prayer-Book satisfy that errors exist: "As the Churches of Jerusalem, Alexandria, and Antioch have erred, so also the Church of Rome hath erred, not only in their living and manner of ceremonies, but also in matters of faith." It is very natural that

Englishmen are not anxious to become as the superstitious, priest-ridden plebeiance of Roman Catholic countries, and are thus resenting the innovations that are causing the present agitation, although no good Churchmen approve Mr. Kensit's method of correcting the abuses.

If by Ordinal the writer means “a book of directions for observance of the Mass," where is it in the Church of England? and where, too, in our present Prayer-Book is "Mass "spoken of?

One can quite understand that the writer of the letter I refer to is a member of a "very ritualistic church," since he can speak of the Church of England "sitting on a dunghill covered with filth;" but it is to be regretted that even the ritualistic church he attends does not dispense a little more grace and charity, and less false doctrine. Remember, "truth is the first requisite in a religious system," even in neo-Catholicism.

As one born and educated in the university town of Cambridge, and a resident of Oxford and London, I have had the opportunity of hearing opinions of, I think, more able men than your correspondent, who seems to be "inebriated with the exuberance of his own verbosity." F. R. B.

Philadelphia, Pa.

The Children's War Relief League To the Editors of The Outlook:

The Children's War Relief League is an organization of young people co-operating with the work of the National Society of New England Women. Its object, as its name imports, is to raise funds for the sick or needy children of our soldiers, supply them with clothing, give them outings in the country, etc. The necessity for this work is as great as if not greater than ever; and as the autumn comes on, warm clothing and money are particularly needed. This work is not affected by the formal close of the war, since it will be months before the supporters of these little ones can, in many instances, return home; many have been killed, many are wounded or ill. Any child can become a member, and obtain all information by ad. dressing Mrs. John C. Coleman, 100 Broadway, New York City, the President of the League. Clothing can be sent to Mrs. Coleman, at 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City (rooms of War Relief Commission). Children have responded from many places outside of New York City, and it is earnestly hoped

NOTE TO CORRESPONDENTS.-It is seldom possible to answer any inquiry in the next issue after its receipt. Those who find expected answers late in coming will, we hope, bear in mind the impediments arising from the constant pressure of many subjects upon our limited space. Communications should always bear the writer's name and address.

1. Does Dr. Abbott preach from manuscript, notes, or neither? 2. Does he practice administering water baptism ? and, if so, to what extent? 3. Kindly explain last part of verse 11, first chapter of Acts. 4. Name a brief work on the different religions of the world. 5. What is the meaning of the word “Zuleika"? Byron uses it repeatedly.

S.

1. From brief notes, if any; often without any. 2. He does. The Congregational YearBook for 1897 reports for Plymouth Church seven adult baptisms and twenty-six of infants. 3. Comparison of various passages (Matthew xxiii., 34; Luke xiii., 35; Acts vii., 28; 2 Timothy iii., 8), in which the words here translated "in like manner as " occur, shows that they must be taken to signify a real but not a formal analogy. The return would be as real as the going, and as recognizable in respect to its reality as the going. The mistake is in inferring that the reality and its recognizableness must be in the form and not in the spirit only. 4. The briefest we know of is "Religion before Christianity," by Professor C. C. Everett (Unitarian Sunday-School Society, Boston, 25 cents). 5. The name of the heroine of Byron's "Bride of Abydos." Perhaps some reader can give its meaning.

1. Is there any ground for concluding that the Jews made the division into religious life and secular life that is made by the Roman Catholics? or any equivalent division? 2. If the Jews made that division, is there any reason why, in the expressions (Luke xvi. 8) τὸν οἰκονόμον τῆς ἀδικίας (9), τοῦ μαμωνᾶ τῆς ἀδικίας (xviii., 6), ὁ κριτὴς τῆς ἀδικίας, the word ἀδικίας should not be meant to describe the secular character of the life and not the personal character of the steward, or of the judge, or the quality of the money? C. H. P.

1. Hardly. The nearest thing to it was the community of the Essenes. 2. The word adiκía always carries a moral censure, very far from the spirit with which "the Son of man," who "came eating and drinking," viewed the secular life.

Can you inform me who was the winner of the prize offered by the Christian Social Union to

theological students for the best essay on "The Duties of a Christian Minister in Relation to Social Problems"? If the contest has not yet been decided, can you inform me when a decision will probably be reached? J. F. M.

We cannot. Write for information to the Christian Social Union, Diocesan House, 1 Joy Street, Boston, Mass.

Where does this line occur, and who is the author?

"The light that never was on sea or land." A. M. D. From Wordsworth's "Peele Castle in a Storm."

Can you tell me the author and the poem containing lines like these?

A. B.

What authority is there to prove that Christ used wine when he instituted The Lord's Supper," the night of his betrayal? A. R. F. See our note on this point on page 992, August 20.

To "R. R. R.," who inquires, July 2, for a book on Christ's method of teaching in the light of modern pedagogy, I would recommend "Christ the Teacher," by Professor Hinsdale, of Ann Arbor, Mich.

D. V. Prayer for a friend out of sight" in a copy of the "Churchman" published since his death. I cannot give the date.

"E. S. R." will find Gladstone's "

F. A. P.

Jerichow, in the Old Mark of Brandenburg, which his father represented in the United Diet, or first approach to a Prussian Parliament, in the year 1847.

-It is noted of Carolus Duran, the famous portrait-painter, that when, on a recent voyage, his ship picked up two shipwrecked men, he offered his promise to paint a portrait to the highest bidder on board, and then gave the money to the unfortunate mariners.

-Grant Duff relates in his "Diary" an amusing story of Darwin. One day Duff drove with a lady to the house of the great naturalist. The lady explained the state of her sight, which was very peculiar. "Ah! Lady Derby," said Darwin, "how I should like to dissect you!"

-A traveler who has lately returned from Athens says, according to the London "World," that, strangely enough, the Greeks, who not so long ago were shouting their favorite cry of "Down with the King Out with his right eye!" have now returned to the most exaggerated loyalty, and King George has never enjoyed so much popularity since he came to the throne.

-It is related of Prince Bismarck, says the London "Morning Post," that he was inclined, in one of his later days, to "talk of graves, of worms, and epitaphs," and that his companion delighted him by conjecturing that when the news of his death should be brought to the present Emperor his Majesty would exclaim: "I feel as though I had lost my grandfather for the third time."

-The Scotch reverence for Gladstone is displayed in this conversation between two Scotchmen reported by the "British Weekly:" One of them said, with much emphasis, "There hasna been a lawgiver equal to Mr. Gladstone since the day o' Moses." "Moses!" retorted the other; "Moses got the law gien tae him frae the Lord, but Mr. Gladstone makes laws oot o' his ain heed."

-Of Cardinal Angelo de Pietro, who is mentioned as a possible successor to Pope Leo XIII., it is told that he is the son of a shepherd of Enverons, Rome, and is already called the " Holy Man." He is seventy years old, and was educated for the priesthood by the bishop of his diocese. When he was a simple priest, visiting a certain monastery, an old monk threw himself on his knees and kissed the buckle of Pietro's shoe. The young priest, much taken aback, asked the reason for the demonstration. The monk,

raising his eyes heavenward, said: “Father, when you are Pope I shall be dead, so I wish now to kiss your holy foot."

Bits of Fun

When a young man places the photo of a female inside the cover of his watch, it is a sure indication of a woman in the case.-Adams Freeman.

"Has Hagby any talents worth mentioning?" "Talents? I've known him to borrow one girl's horse and phaeton to take another girl out for a drive."-Chicago Record.

"The trouble with you is that you have been eating and drinking too much, and haven't taken enough exercise. What have you been doing lately?" "I've just come home from Santiago on sick leave."-Cleveland Plain Dealer.

Mr. Carson, Q.C., addressing a jury yesterday said: "Gentlemen, the charges against my clients are only mares' nests, which have been traced to their birth, and are found to have had neither origin nor existence." Mr. Carson is a member of the English Bar, but he still remains an Irishman in speech.-London Globe.

In the Midst of Life-Citizen-I hear Mr. Officeholder is dead. Statesman-Yes. He died

five minutes ago. Citizen-I dislike to show any unseemly haste, but I desire to put in my application for appointment as his successor. Statesman-Walk into the other room and take your place in the line.-New York Weekly.

A certain strapping private is as good a soldier as ever munched hardtack, but he has no more sense of humor than the barrel of his gun. After the midday dinner, a lieutenant set him rather a difficult task, remarking, "If you accomplish that this afternoon, I shall say you may become as great a man as General Merritt." "Lieutenant," declared the private, very solemnly, "I'll do it this afternoon if it takes me till morning." -St. Louis Globe-Democrat.

A prominent German actor had fulfilled half of his "starring" engagement in the capital of a grand duchy, and as yet no recognition of his talents had been forthcoming in the shape of a decoration. Disgusted, the player announced his intention of departing the following morning. Early on that day the theater-intendant acquainted his grand-ducal master with what had happened. The conversation took place in the garden of the Schloss, situated on the road to the station, and suddenly an open carriage with the actor in it hove in sight. "Be quick!" said the Prince; "get me that box on my writingtable. If go he must, we'll at any rate try to satisfy him in his ambition." The intendant ran, and returned just as the vehicle passed the gates. "One moment, Herr B.," shouted the Prince; "here is something to remember me by." The actor bowed low, and went his way. In another moment, however, his conveyance reappeared at the gates. "There are two crosses, your Highness," he exclaimed. "Never mind," replied the Prince; "give the other to the coachman.”— illustrated London News.