The Theater of Man: J.L. Vives on SocietyAmerican Philosophical Society, 1998 - Broj stranica: 209 Born in Spain and long-time resident of Bruges, Juan Luis Vives is one of the keenest, and most neglected, minds of the northern Renaissance. A many-sided intellect and critical observer of the contemporary scene, Vives' contribution includes treatises on metaphysics, psychology, education, rhetoric, logic, religion, and social reform. And it is precisely the central premise of this monograph that what links these diverse works together and turns Vives literary production into a whole larger than the sum of its parts is the author's single-minded commitment to the Socratic dictum that an unexamined life is not worth living. But because man's Fall caused him to lose his pristine ability to accomplish that task as an individual, he must now do it in the context of a God-mandated, man-created institution: society, whose origins and evolution Vives explains in Stoic terms. Building on a foundation of Socratic/ Aristotelian optimism and Augustinian pessimism, he concludes that social man can indeed reach the bonitas which alone makes beatitude possible. But at a price, for Vives the Skeptic insists that man must forego the use of that ratio speculativa which seduces him into thinking that he can probe into nature's being and understand his own divine nature. |
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according to Vives action aimed Anabaptists Arcesilaus argument Aristotelian Aristotle arts become body bonitas Bruges caritas Carneades causes censura charity Christian Cicero clearly concerning conclusion course created creation criterion dialectic disciplinis divine dogmatism DPP I Opera endowed essence existence explains Fabula fact faculty fashion felicitas fideism fundamental given goal God's human humanist Ibid individual insists instrument intellectual invented iudicium Juan Luis Vives judgment knowledge latter leading living Lucretius man's means mind moral natural arts natural reason necessitas Noreña norms objects opinio passions path philosophy pietas political poor possible Posterior Analytics practical reason precepts precisely Prior Analytics probable prudence prudentia Pyrrhonism question ratio practica ratio speculativa reach reality reform religion Renaissance skeptic sapientia scientia self-knowledge senses Sextus Sextus Empiricus social society Socrates Soto soul speculative speculative reason stage Stoics subventione syllogism things tradendis true truth turn ultimate understand virtue Watson wisdom words
Popularni odlomci
Stranica 30 - But as more arts were invented, and some were directed to the necessities of life, others to recreation, the inventors of the latter were naturally always regarded as wiser than the inventors of the former, because their branches of knowledge did not aim at utility.
Stranica 55 - companions of the manger'. But when several families are united, and the association aims at something more than the supply of daily needs, the first society to be formed is the village. And the most natural form of the village appears to be that of a colony from the family, composed of the children and grandchildren, who are said to be 'suckled with the same milk'.
Stranica 71 - Mankind in the earliest age lived for a time without a single vicious impulse, without shame ' or guilt, and, consequently, without punishment and restraints. Rewards were not needed when everything right was pursued on its own merits ; and as men desired nothing against morality, they were debarred from nothing by fear. When however they began to throw off equality, and ambition and violence usurped the place of self-control and modesty, despotisms grew up and became perpetual among many nations.
Stranica 73 - It would seem that for practical purposes experience is in no way inferior to art; indeed we see men of experience succeeding more than those who have theory without experience. The reason of this is that experience is knowledge of particulars, but art of universals; and actions and the effects produced are all concerned with the particular. For it is not man that the physician cures, except incidentally, but Callias or Socrates or some other person similarly named, who is incidentally a man as well....
Stranica 62 - When several villages are united in a single complete community, large enough to be nearly or quite selfsufficing, the state comes into existence, originating in the bare needs of life, and continuing in existence for the sake of a good life.
Stranica 53 - He who thus considers things in their first growth and origin, whether a state or anything else, will obtain the clearest view of them. In the first place there must be a union of those who cannot exist without each other; namely, of male and female, that the race may continue...
Stranica 96 - ... why,' but each principle should of itself command belief. Generally accepted opinions, on the other hand, are those which commend themselves to all or to the majority or to the wise - that is, to all of the wise or to the majority or to the most famous and distinguished of them.
Stranica 43 - It presents man naked and empty, acknowledging his natural weakness, fit to receive from above some outside power; stripped of human knowledge, and all the more apt to lodge divine knowledge in himself, annihilating his judgment to make more room for faith; neither disbelieving nor setting up any doctrine...
Stranica 31 - scepticism is an ability or mental attitude, which opposes appearance to judgments in any way whatsoever, with the result that, owing to the equipollence of the objects and reasons thus opposed, we are brought forcibly to a state of mental suspense 1 The Poetical Works of J.
Stranica 96 - Reasoning is dialectical which reasons from generally accepted opinions. Things are true and primary which command belief through themselves and not through anything else; for regarding the first principles of science it is unnecessary to ask any further question as to 'why,' but each principle should of itself command belief.