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LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 14. 183.

CONTENT 8.— No 55.
NOTES:-The Tennysons and Archbishop Tenison, 21-
Poets in a Thunderstorm, 22-Tom Legge, 23-Garnett:
Hawtrey-Double F as an Initial-"Guy Fawkes, Guy!
-Jarndyce, 24-Translators-Cobblers-"Johnnies"
Election of Mayor at High Wycombe-Alexander the
Great-Simple Simon-Gelert in India, 25-Church
Brasses-First Provincial Theatre Royal-Berkshire Vil-
lages in Kenilworth,' 26-Haydn's 'Dictionary of Dates,'

27.

QUERIES:-"Cross-purposes"-" Brouette," 27-Montgomery-Charles Lamb-Heraldic-J. Treworgie-"Shillam eidri"- Richard Smith-Paganini -"Wiggin' Aldine Swift' -"Philazer " De mortuis nil nisi bonum," 28-Claypoole-St. Thomas's Day Custom-St. Clement's Day-Anne Vaux-Kodak"-John Cutts

"Trissino Type," 29.

REPLIES:-Portraits of Burns, 29- Sophy Daws, 30-
Busby, 31-Rev. George Croly-To bone"-Poems in the
Greek Anthology-Bale, 32-Bucketing-Legend of St.
Ffraid-"To Warp"-Chalks-Yates Family, 33-Jennings
-Fathers of the House of Commons-Col. Charters-
A.M. and P.M., 34-Ben Price-" Availed of "-Life of
Lockhart-Old Lease-Mottoes- Essex,' 35-Royal Scots

Greys-Printers' Errors - Leather Money-Chalk - Por
traits Wanted-Tycho Wing-Tristram Shandy, 36-
The Office of the Blessed Virgin'-' Life of Daniel Defoe'
-Gemmace-Italian Idiom, 37-" Yele"-Sir G. Downing
-Authors Wanted, 39.

NOTES:-Allen's 'Attis of Caius Valerius Catullus'-Mor-
ley's English Writers,' Vol. IX. Stoke d'Abernon'-
Weale's Rock's 'Hierurgia'-Lewis's 'Ancient Laws of
Wales.'

Notices to Correspondents.

Hotes.

THE TENNYSONS AND ARCHBISHOP TENISON. In 'N. & Q.,' 3rd S. viii. 454, I find it stated by J. B. P. that there is in the Tennyson family "a tradition of long standing that it is descended from a collateral relative of Archbishop Tenison," in spite of the difference in spelling the name. No doubt attempts would have been made to prove or disprove this statement, but for the deterrent fact to which W. C. B. drew attention (6th S. xi. 153), "that the name of Tennyson is and has been for centuries one of the commonest in Holderness." The archbishop's descent from the Yorkshire stock has hardly been suspected, so far as I am aware, especially after the statement in Burke's Landed Gentry' (first edition, p. 1375) that his family

(x. 189). The Rev. Philip Tenison, D.D., the archdeacon, died June 15, 1660, æt. fortyeight, M.I. in Bawbergh Church, near Norwich, with - be it particularly noted these arms, which Blomefield says were granted to him: Sable, a fess embattled and in chief three doves argent (ib. ii. 391). Philip was clearly John's younger brother.

The object of this note is to suggest a clue to the father of these two clerical brethren, and one could almost take it for granted that he too was a clergyman, bred at the same university, i. e., Cambridge. Since my reply (7th S. xii. 252) I have looked into the pedigree and been aided by some notes of wills at York, for which I am indebted to my friend Dr. Sykes, F.S.A. This will is to the point :

"Christopher Tennysone of Riell yeoman......my father John Tennyson deceased......my son Marmaduke......my son John at Cambridge......my son Edward......my wife Elizabeth......my daughter Katharine...... my uncle Thornton of Hull. Dated March 1, 22 Eliz. (1579/80).

I have mentioned the will of Christopher's father in my previous note, also John Thornton, the merchant of Hull, his uncle, who bought the manor of Ryall, with lands there and in "Pawle" and other places, by fine, Easter T., 1566 (Dr. Collins's 'York Fines,' i. 319).

In 1597 licence was granted to John Tennyson, B.D. of Downham, diocese of York, to marry Anne Haldenby, "gent." (sic), of Gemling, in the parish of Foston (-on-the-Wolds), Yorksh. Archæol. Journal, vol. x. p. 35. I take this to be the son John at Cambridge, 1579-80, though proof is wanting. Anne was no doubt daughter of Philip Haldenby, seventh and youngest son of Robert Haldenby, Esq., of Haldenby, by Anne, daughter of Thomas Boynton, Esq., of Barmston, in Holderness. She is a legatee in the will of her uncle John Haldenby, of Patrington, gent., dated May 5, 1591.

I shall be very much surprised if John and "Anne are not the parents of John and Philip. Probably John obtained a benefice in the diocese of Ely. I could find nothing about him at Downholme, near Richmond.

so early as the reign of Edward I. was represented in Oxfordshire in the persons of Henry, John and William Tvnesende, mentioned in the Hundred Rolls."

Could anything be less likely than that the name of Tenison should be a corruption of "atte Townsend"? On the same page we read that the Rev. John Tenison, the archbishop's father, was son of Dr. Philip Tenison, Archdeacon of Norwich, who died 1660. If we turn to Blomefield's 'History of Norfolk' we find that Philip was eleven years younger than John, who is made his son. The Rev. John Tenison, B.D., died June 25, 1671, at. seventy-two, M.I. Topcroft Church

The arms, with unimportant variations, Gules, a bend between three leopards' heads jessant fleurs-de-lis, borne by the good archbishop and the lamented poet, are of most unsatisfactory origin, as a reference to Papworth's laborious 'Ordinary of Arms' (p. 930) will reveal at once. They are nothing more nor less than the arms of Dennys, an old West of England family, and illustrate the improper use of a dictionary of arms, which the heralds themselves were often guilty of in a most flagrant way. Tennyson may be Parson Evans's pronunciation of Dennison; but in ancient heraldry there was a reason for everything, here nothing but a suggestio falsi. The arms of Cantelupe were

THE POETS IN A THUNDERSTORM.
(Concluded from 8th S. ii. 483.)

He

storm is in a bad style of inflated poetry. begins by supposing the thunder to be prepared in the torrid zone, and to be supplied to the temperate zone as it is wanted.

Now thunders, wafting from the burning zone,
Growl from afar, a deaf and hollow groan !
Portentous meteors blaze on the masts; ethereal
doom lurks behind impenetrable shade (whatever
that may mean); but when the author personifies
the storm his bathos is complete:-

It seem'd, the wrathful angel of the wind
Had all the horrors of the skies combin'd;
And here, to our ill-fated ship oppos'd
At once the dreadful magazine disclos'd.
And lo! tremendous o'er the deep he springs,
Th' inflaming sulphur flashing from his wings !
Hark! his strong voice the dismal silence breaks
Mad chaos from the chains of death awakes!
Loud and more loud the rolling peals enlarge,
And blue on deck their blazing sides discharge.
And more to the same effect.

The progress of scientific discovery has the effect on the best minds, and eventually on the public generally, of correcting erroneous impressions, so as to guide men nearer and nearer until they reach the truth as it is in nature. No great discovery remains long without effecting this kind of beneficent reform, and it may be traced as a | result of Franklin's bold experiment which identi- With reference to "th' inflaming sulphur” in fied lightning with electricity. For example, a the above passage, it must be remarked that a thunderstorm as described by Byron would natur- flash of lightning in the open causes the chief ally be a very different affair from a thunderstorm ingredients of the atmosphere to combine chemicdescribed by Thomson. The change does not con-ally into a compound known as nitric acid, which, sist in the difference between knowledge and descending with the rain, combines with the ignorance, but in the mode of treatment. The one potash or the soda of the soil, and forms nitre; is content to describe in picturesque language but when lightning enters an enclosed space it what he sees and hears; the other attempts to generates ozone, or some of the lower oxides of explain what is altogether beyond the range of the nitrogen, the odour of which is well known to knowledge of his day. Byron did not profess to the chemist, but popularly it is said to resemble be a scientific poet, but he was sufficiently discreet the fumes of burning sulphur. to confine his muse within the limits of accurate description. The poet of the future will have to do more than this. Descriptive poetry has had its day-it is exhausted; so that future numbers will have to conform to the scientific spirit of the time, otherwise they will be lacking in the most essential feature of all good writing-namely, truth

to nature.

The change here indicated has been making progress during the whole of the present century, Formerly it was not expected that a poet should be acquainted with science, so that much surprise was expressed when Coleridge was seen attending Davy's lectures at the Royal Institution. When asked what business he had there, he replied, "To lay in a new stock of ideas!"

The first poem, so far as I know, that appeared after Franklin's discovery, and described a thunderstorm, was one by W. Falconer, published in 1762, entitled "The Shipwreck, a Poem in Three Cantos, by a Sailor." The ship was a merchantman, the Britannia, bound from Alexandria to Venice, but, being overtaken by a storm, she was driven out of her course, and wrecked on the coast of Greece, near Cape Colonne.

The writer seems to have had some knowledge of electricity, judging from his reference to the "electric wire," but his account of the thunder

In my young days I heard Braham, and more recently Sims Reeves, sing the popular ballad, "The Bay of Biscay, O!' The words, by Andrew Cherry, were apparently suggested by Falconer's poem, as in the line

The skies asunder torn, a deluge pourand one or two other corresponding passages. In the ballad the tyranny of rhyme seems to have compelled the author to some irregularity in his tenses, the first four lines reading thus:Loud roared the dreadful thunder, The rain a deluge showers; The clouds were rent asunder

By lightning's vivid powers. It must be admitted that "showers" is rather a mild word for a "deluge." It may also be objected that the lightning seems to act as a force external to the cloud, instead of being an integral portion of it. But, apart from these objections, the ballad is effective in its movement, and the more so when rendered by a good voice.

In bringing these examples to a close, it may be remarked that a good modern poet, while indulging in the highest flights, will not offend against scientific accuracy. Thus, when Shelley was among the Euganian hills he heard how the tempest fleet Hurries on with lightning feet.