...obliged to grant copyright to 'original databases '. In the UK, these were defined as "collections] of independent works, data, or other materials arranged...individually accessible by electronic or other means" that "by reason of the selection or arrangements of the contents constitutes the author's own intellectual...

...Legal Protection of Databases91 applies to 'a collection of independent works, data or other material arranged in a systematic or methodical way and individually accessible by electronic or other means'. The Directive does not apply to computer programs as this is given protection in a separate EU Software...

...distributing copies of a recording of the performance, including rental and lending. 12.7 Database rights A database is defined as a collection of independent works, data or other materials that are both arranged in a systematic and methodical way and individually accessible by electronic...

...is not based on an extension of copyright or patent. 2. It protects "databases in an form," where a database is defined as "a collection of independent...individually accessible by electronic or other means." 3. The protection is, ". . . for the maker of a database which shows that there has been qualitatively...

...[30] to harmonize protection of the information contained within databases. The directive protects "a collection of independent works, data or other...individually accessible by electronic or other means" [31]. Thus a developer of a database can prevent the extraction and/or reuse of all or a substantial...

...facilitates the rinding of relevant information. In a similar vein a database is defined in legal circles as: "a collection of independent works, data or other...and individually accessible by electronic or other means."4 The information contained in a database can be found either by browsing through it or by formulating...

...Current Irish and UK laws, based on an EU directive,82 recognise a distinct notion of a 'database', as a collection of independent works, data or other...systematic or methodical way and individually accessible by any means.83 This is not confined to electronic databases, though they are the main target of the legislation....

...Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 has also made it explicit that copyright applies to compilations. A database is defined as a collection of independent works, data or other materials which: (a) are arranged in a systematic or methodical way; and (b) are individually accessible o by...

...Article 1(2) of the 1996 Database Directive: "For the purpose of this Directive, 'database' shall mean a collection of independent works, data or other materials...individually accessible by electronic or other means." 161 See, for trademarks, Regulation 40/1994/EC, OJ L Oil, 14.01.1994; and, for industrial designs,...