ROYAL SCOTTISH GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY.

CONDITIONS AND PRIVILEGES OF MEMBERSHIP.

It is provided by Chapter 1. § IV. of the Constitution and Laws of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society, that,

"The Ordinary Members shall be those who are approved by the Council, and who pay the ordinary annual subscription, or a composition for life-membership."

The Annual Subscription is One Guinea, and is payable in advance at the commencement of each Session. A single Contribution of Ten Guineas constitutes Life-Membership. There is an Entrance Fee in either case of One Guinea. Ladies are admitted as Members.

The privileges of Membership include admission (with one Guest) to all Meetings of the Society, and the use of the Library and MapRoom. Each Member is entitled to receive, free by post, the Scottish Geographical Magazine, which is published monthly, and all other ordinary publications of the Society.

Branches of the Society have been established in Glasgow, Dundee, and Aberdeen, where periodical Meetings are held.

CONTENTS.

VOLUME VII. 1891.

No. I.-JANUARY.

Anniversary Address. - Rivers, Plains, and Mountains. By E. G.

Ravenstein, F.R.S.G.S.,

Our Commercial Relations with China. By Professor Robert K. Douglas,

Examination Scheme of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society. (With

a Map),

Proceedings of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society,

Geographical Notes,

New Books,

New Maps and Atlase,

MAP-

Society's Examination Map.

No. II. FEBRUARY.

A Journey to Tashkent. By Captain A. C. Yate, .

57

The Physical Conditions of Central Asia in Relation to Russian Colonisa-

tion. By Lieutenant-General Annenkoff,

75

1193

On the Scientific Results of Dr. Nansen's Expedition-Geology. By

Professor J. Geikie, D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S.,

79

No. III. MARCH.

From the Mouth of the Tana to the Source-Region of the Nile. By Dr.

Carl Peters,

The Mapping of the World. Part III.-Asia.

PAGE

113

By John George

124

Bartholomew, F.R.S.E., F.R.G.S. (With a Map),

The Pilcomayo Expedition. (Communicated by J. B. Duncan.

Proceedings of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society,

Geographical Notes,

Southern Africa: Past and Present. By the Rev. James Stewart, M.D., .

177

F.R.S.E. (With a Map),

On the Comparative Value of African Lands. By A. Silva White,

Explorations in British East Africa,

Proceedings of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society,

Geographical Notes,.

New Books, .

MAP-

Comparative Value of African Lands.

191

195

205

205

221

No. V.-MAY.

Britannic Confederation.--I. A Survey of Existing Conditions. B Sir

John Colomb, K.C.M.G., M.P.,

233

Methods and Processes of the Ordnance Survey. By Colonel Sir Charles

Wilson, K.C.B., K.C.M.G., F.R.S., Director-General of the Ordnance

Survey of the United Kingdom. (With Maps),

248

Statical Oceanography-A Review. By Hugh Robert Mill, D.Sc.,

British Civilisation and Influence in Asia. By Arminius Vambéry,

The Lake Region of Central Africa: A Contribution to the History of

African Cartography. By E. G. Ravenstein, F.R.S.G.S. (With Maps),

289

299

Definitions of Geographical Names. By Konrad Ganzenmüller, Ph.D.,

Proceedings of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society,

Geographical Notes,.

New Books, .

MAPS-

Examples of the Progress of African Cartography.

No. VII.-JULY.

Britannic Confederation.-II. The Physical and Political Basis of National

Unity. By Edward A. Freeman,

Mapping and Place-Names of India. By James Burgess, LL.D., C.I.E.,

The Orthography of African Names and the Principles of Nomenclature.

By W. A. Elmslie, M.B., C.M., Livingstonia Mission,

Proceedings of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society,

Geographical Notes,.

New Books, .

New Maps and Atlases,

No. VIII. AUGUST.

Britannic Confederation.-III. The Commerce of the British Empire.

(With Diagrams.) By George G. Chisholm, M.A., B.Sc.,

How Maps are Made. By W. B. Blaikie. (Illustrated), .

Rewa River, Fiji. By H. H. Thiele. (With a Map),

Proceedings of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society,

Geographical Notes. By W. A. Taylor, M.A.,

New Books, .

MAP AND DIAGRAMS-

Rewa River, Fiji.

Diagrams to Mr. Chisholm's Paper.

No. IX.-SEPTEMBER.

Britannic Confederation.-IV. Tariffs and International Commerce.

The Geography of South-West Africa. By Dr. Henry Schlichter,

Census of the United Kingdom, 1891,

Geographical Notes. By W. A. Taylor, M.A.,

New Books,

b

X

CONTENTS.

No. X.-OCTOBER.

PACE

525

The Geography of South-West Africa. With a Bibliography of South-

West Africa from 1884 to 1891-(continued.) By Dr. Henry Schlichter, 513

Mineral Resources of Colorado. By Wm. A. Bell, M.A., M.B. Cantab., .

The British Association, 1891. Report by A. Silva White,

The Field of Geography. By E. G. Ravenstein, F.R.S.G.S.,

International Geographical Congress, 1891,

Geographical Notes, By W. A. Taylor, M. A.,

New Books,

New Maps,

532

536

548

551

560

565

Principal of the Illawarra College, New South Wales,

No. XI.-NOVEMBER.

Britannic Confederation.-V. Alternative Measures. By Maurice H. Hervey,

Notes on the Inhabitants of the Himalayas. By Colonel Tanner,

569

581

The Mapping of the World :-Part IV.-North America. By John George

Bartholomew, F.R.S.E., F.R.G.S., (With a Map),

The Art of Observing. By John Coles, F.R.A.S., Map Curator and

Instructor in Practical Astronomy and Surveying, Royal Geographical

Society. (Illustrated),.

On Acclimatisation. By Robert W. Felkin, M.D., F.R.S.E., etc.

Among the Machinga People. By R. S. Hynde,

Proceedings of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society,

Royal Scottish Geographical Society-Report of Council (Session 1890-91),

684

INDEX,

689